Transcript working safely in a shop

Chapter 6
Working Safely in the Shop
Must Always Be Worn
Know How to Use Eye Wash
Personal Safety
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Tie back long hair.
Wear properly fitting clothes.
Jewelry can get caught in rotating objects.
Metal jewelry may be conductive.
Proper safety shoes or boots must be worn
at all times.
Personal Safety (cont’d)
• Gloves protect from chemicals, burns, and
minor cuts and scrapes.
• Many chemicals can be absorbed into the
body if gloves are not used.
• Heavy work gloves should be worn when
using cutting equipment, welding, or
grinding.
Personal Safety (cont’d)
• Gloves can also protect against bloodborne
pathogens.
• Pathogens, such as staph infections,
hepatitis B, and HIV can be passed by
contact with human blood.
• Always clean and disinfect any blood spills
immediately.
Personal Safety (cont’d)
• Exposure to very loud noise levels can lead
to hearing loss.
• Simple ear plugs or earphone protectors
should be worn in environments that are
constantly noisy.
Personal Safety (cont’d)
• Respiratory masks should be worn when
working with components containing
asbestos or other toxic substances that
contain toxic fumes.
Personal Safety (cont’d)
• Keep your skin away from hot metal parts.
• Disconnect electric cooling fans when
working around a radiator.
• Adhere to all hydraulic press safety
precautions.
Lifting and Carrying
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Be sure your path is free of parts or tools.
Be sure the container is in good condition.
Straighten your legs to lift the object.
If necessary, turn your whole body, don’t
twist your body.
• Bend your legs to lower the object.
• Place suitable blocks under the object.
Professional Behavior
• Professional appearance and proper dress
are important.
• Never smoke while working on a vehicle.
• Playing in the shop is never acceptable.
• Properly store tools and equipment when
not in use.
Hand Tool Safety
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Keep tools in good condition.
Use the proper tool for the job.
Do not put tools in your pocket.
Keep tools with cutting edges sharp.
Keep tools clean and free from grease.
Pull wrenches toward you, do not push.
Hand Tool Safety (cont’d)
• Use a box end wrench or socket whenever
possible.
• Use only impact sockets with impact
wrenches.
• Never use pliers to loosen or tighten.
• Never use screwdrivers as chisels.
• Never strike two hammers together.
Power Tool Safety
• Repair frayed electrical cords immediately.
• The cord must have a good ground
connection.
• Do not stand on a wet floor while operating
power tools.
• Do not hold components to be drilled in
your hand.
Power Tool Safety (cont’d)
• Keep fingers and clothing away from
rotating equipment.
• Sanding and buffing wheels must be
securely attached.
• Protective guards must be in place.
• Wear safety glasses or a face shield.
• Follow the tool manufacturer’s directions.
Lift Safety
• Be sure the lift is completely lowered.
• Do not run into or over the lift arms.
• Be sure the lift pads contact the specified
vehicle lift points.
• Close the doors and trunk lid.
• After the vehicle is raised, be sure the safety
mechanism is engaged.
Lift Safety (cont’d)
• Always follow the lift guide and vehicle
manufacturer’s service information when
lifting a vehicle.
• Ensure proper contact between the lift and
the vehicle
• Lift the vehicle about six inches, shake, and
recheck contact points.
Hydraulic Jack and
Safety Stand Safety
• Never attempt to lift something heavier than the jack
is designed for.
• Be sure the jack lift pad is under the specified vehicle
lift point.
• Position the safety stands under a strong chassis
member.
• The safety stand legs must contact the floor evenly.
• Remove the jack after the vehicle is sitting on the
safety stands.
Cleaning Equipment Safety
• Do not dump residue from steam cleaning
in sewers.
• Keep floors clean and dry.
• Wear protective gloves and a face shield.
• Use only approved cleaning solutions.
• Observe all environmental regulations.
Vehicle Safety
• Exhaust fumes (carbon monoxide) are
poisonous and can be deadly.
• Ensure exhaust is properly ventilated.
• Check the brakes before attempting to move
a vehicle.
• Notify coworkers when moving a vehicle,
especially hybrid vehicles.
Electrical Safety
• Disconnect the vehicle battery whenever
possible.
• Disconnect negative first then positive.
Reconnect positive first then negative.
• Batteries contain acid and can cause severe
injuries to eyes and skin.
• Remove all jewelry when working on the
electrical system.
Electrical Safety (cont’d)
• Always charge batteries in well ventilated
areas.
• Ensure the battery charger is off and
unplugged before connecting leads to the
battery.
• Never recharge a battery while the electrical
system is on.
High Voltage Systems
• Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) contain
high voltage batteries and circuits.
• These high voltages can cause death.
• Avoid all orange wiring and connectors.
• Deactivate the high voltage system before
any service is performed.
• Follow all manufacturer’s warnings and
procedures.
Work Area Safety
• Floors and work areas should be kept clean
and organized.
• Keep all tools and equipment clean,
dressed, and organized.
• Memorize the location of all safety and first
aid equipment.
• Understand the contents of the MSDS.
Fire Hazards and Prevention
• Fuels used in modern ICE are highly
volatile and require proper handling and
storage.
• Diesel fuel is not as refined and contain
active micro-organisms that can cause
infections.
• Cleaning solvents and shop rags must be
stored and handled properly to prevent fires.
Classes of Fires
• Class “A” fires
– Ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper,
and plastics.
• Class “B” fires
– Flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, grease,
and paint.
Classes of Fires (cont’d)
• Class “C” fires
– Electrical equipment such as electric motors,
wiring, and fuse boxes.
• Class “D” fires
– Combustible metals such as aluminum,
magnesium, and potassium.
Fire extinguishers can be
Class A, B, C, or D. Many are ABC or
multipurpose extinguishers
Steps in Using a Fire
Extinguisher
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Pull pin from handle.
Aim nozzle at base of fire.
Squeeze handle.
Sweep entire width of fire.
Manufacturer’s Warnings
and Government Regulations
• Potential health hazards can be classified as:
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Chemical Hazards
Hazardous Wastes
Physical Hazards
Ergonomic Hazards
Chemical Hazards
• Caused by high concentrations of vapors,
gases, or dust.
• Gasoline and solvent vapors.
• Refrigerants.
• Asbestos from brake and clutch materials.
Hazardous Wastes
• Hazardous wastes are generated as a result
of a service.
• Used motor oil, transmission fluid, and
coolant.
• Must be handled and disposed of according
to regulations.
Physical Hazards
• Physical hazards include excessive noise,
vibrations, pressures, and temperatures.
• Auto shops may have excessive noise levels
depending on tools used and services
provided.
Ergonomic Hazards
• Ergonomic hazards result from conditions
that impede normal body position and
motion.
• Using keyboards and performing repetitive
motions can lead to ergonomic injuries.
OSHA
• The Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
– Federal agency.
– Formed to assure safe and healthful working
conditions.
– Has published standards.
– All automotive safety and health issues are
controlled by OSHA.
EPA
• The Environmental Protection Agency
– Federal and state agencies.
– Regulates disposal of hazardous wastes.
– Monitors and enforces environmental
legislation.
Right-to-Know Laws
• Right-to-Know laws are intended to provide
a safe working place.
• All employees must be trained in:
– Their rights under the law.
– The nature of hazardous chemicals in the
workplace.
– The contents of the labels on the chemicals.
• MSDS sheets must be available.
Hazardous Materials
• Always read the label and MSDS before
using unfamiliar substances.
• Be familiar with the dangers of various
substances used in the shop.
• Follow all environmental policies for proper
disposal.
Hazardous Waste
• Utilize the proper protective equipment
(PPE) when handling hazardous wastes.
• Many shop services generate hazardous
waste.
• The shop is ultimately responsible for the
safe disposal of hazardous waste.
Guidelines for
Handling Hazardous Waste
• Waste oil can be recycled or used in waste
oil heaters where allowable.
• Drain oil filters for at least 24 hours.
• Send batteries to a reclaimer or the
distributor.
• Refrigerants must be reclaimed and
recycled.
Guidelines for
Handling Hazardous Waste (cont’d)
• Contract with a hazardous waste recycler
for solvents and paint wastes.
• Collect waste coolants for reclaiming and
recycling.
• Shop rags should be stored in self-closing
marked containers to prevent combustion.
Guidelines for
Handling Hazardous Waste (cont’d)
• Asbestos must be trapped and handled
safely.
• Dust from brake and clutch components
may contain asbestos.
• Always refer to local, state, and federal
regulations regarding the proper handling
and disposal of hazardous wastes.