Transcript Slides - indico in2p3

International Workshop on a Very Large Volume Neutrino
Telescope for the Mediterranean Sea
A comparison of AC and DC power feeding
systems based on the NEMO
experiences
Rosanna Cocimano
for
the NEMO Collaboration
22-24 April 2008, Toulon
Palais Neptune
Conference Centre
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
AGENDA
 NEMO PHASE 1 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM - AC THREE- PHASE
NEMO PHASE 1 POWER CONTROL SYSTEM
NEMO PHASE 2 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM – DC
PRESSURE TEST ON ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 1 - ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM
AC THREE PHASE
ON SHORE OFF SHORE
MINITOWER
4
~
-
FLOOR 4
40 W
-
FLOOR 3
40 W
-
FLOOR 2
40 W
-
FLOOR 1
40 W
40 m
SHORE STATION
4
~
40 m
4
~
40 m
4
JUNCTION BOX
POWER SUPPLY
~~
100 m
4
TOWER BASE
4
4
25 km
4 X 4 mm2
10 KVA
0  1200 V
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
4
300 m
4 X 4 mm2
7 KVA
660 V / 400 V
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 1 – THE JUNCTION BOX
INPUT
660 V AC
In the Junction Box there is 1 input line
and 4 output lines. It is present a step-
down transformer of 7 kVA. The input
voltage is 660 V (line-to-line) while the
output one is 400 V (line-to-line).
In each line there is:
 a breaker that can be switched on and
off from the on-shore control panel,
OUTPUT 1
400 V AC
 voltage and current measurements,
that can be monitored from the on-shore
OUTPUT 2
control panel.
400 V AC
OUTPUT 3
400 V AC
OUTPUT 4
400 V AC
At the input a power control supply
system is connected, it is realized by a
NORMAL linear power supply and a
REDUNDANT one. For them a suitable
protection system is used.
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 1 – THE FLOOR POWER MODULE
In each floor is present a
FLOOR POWER
DC
OUTPUTS
MODULE that hosts the
AC/DC linear converters
12 V DC
and the floor control
5,5 V DC
system.
3,5 V DC
The load power supply
contain a a six-pulse
rectifier.
INPUT
400 V AC
The input voltage is 400 V
AC (line-to-line) and the
output voltage are: 12
FLOOR POWER
MODULE
V,3.5V, 5.5V DC .
In the module is present a
breaker and current and
voltage measurements.
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
AGENDA
 NEMO PHASE 1 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM - AC THREE- PHASE
NEMO PHASE 1 POWER CONTROL SYSTEM
NEMO PHASE 2 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM – DC
PRESSURE TEST ON ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 1 - POWER CONTROL SYSTEM
THE POWER CONTROL SYSTEM IS ABLE TO:
 acquire physics parameters such us temperature, humidity and pressure inside
the boxes and acquire the values of current and voltage in each line
 switch the power on and off to each feeding line under ordinary conditions and
reveal the electric fault and remotely control the breakers in order to isolate the
portion interested by the fault, set the breaker threshold from remote .
DURING DESIGN WAS IMPORTANT:
 foresee the storage of as much as possible devices in an oil and high pressure
environment, to reduce the pressure vessel dimensions
 use, where it is possible, commercial devices already tested and used,
 minimize the failure points to maximize reliability,
 foresee
the right redundancies.
Both the power supply and all boards and sensors of the power control system are
redundant, so there is a NORMAL power control system and a REDUNDANT one.
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 1 - POWER CONTROL SYSTEM
ON-SHORE there is a USER
INTERFACE that allows to supervise
and control the system and store the
data acquired.
JUNCTION BOX
BREAKERS
SENSORS
ON SHORE
ACQUISITION BOARDS
The FLOOR BOARD houses a PIC
16F876 microcontroller : a
communication channel allows the
communication with the JBP MAIN
BOARD by means of a conveyed
waves modem
FLOOR
RS 485
BREAKER
BREAKERS
RS 485
OPTICAL FIBERS
MEDIA
CONVERTER
MEDIA
CONVERTER
SENSORS
CONTROL BOARDS
MAIN BOARD
(SC13 BOARD)
MODEM
MODEM
CONVEYED WAVES
The JB MAIN BOARD houses a SC13 microcrocontroller that manages:
 an ethernet interface that allows the communication with the shore station on optic fibres thanks to a media converter,
 a serial comunication channel (RS 485) allows the communication with the local acquisition board,
 a communication channel that uses a conveyed wave modem that allows communication with the floor board.
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 1 - POWER CONTROL SYSTEM
JUNCTION
BOX
INPUT
FLOOR
POWER
MODULE
USERS INTERFACE - RESULTS
JUNCTION
BOX
OUTPUT
ON-SHORE TOTAL
POWER CONSUMPTION
(LOSSES INCLUDED)
800 VA
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
JB & FLOOR TEMPERATURE
20 °C
TRANSFORMER TEMPERATURE
38°C
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 1 - CONCLUSIONS
The START UP of NEMO PHASE 1 successfully took place the 12th of December
2006 at 12:00 pm.

Even though some problems occurs during deployment and connections, thanks to
redundancies in the control system, the system didn’t lose any functionality.

The voltages and currents temperatures values monitored were in line with the
expected ones.

The off-shore system was monitored from remote (LNS – HOME)

The voltages and currents of the on-shore UPS and Power Supply were monitored
from remote too.
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
AGENDA
 NEMO PHASE 1 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM - AC THREE- PHASE
NEMO PHASE 1 POWER CONTROL SYSTEM
NEMO PHASE 2 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM – DC
PRESSURE TEST ON ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 - PREFECE
In NEMO PHASE 2 the system will be feeded in DC insted of
AC THREE-PHASE so the power system has been modified from the
PHASE 1 one.
Following the experience acquired :

in NEMO F1 a conveyed wave system was utilized to communicate. This choice allows a
complete INDEPENDENCE of the power control system from the data transmission
system and from the optical fibers. In NEMO F2 we decided to have the same
INDIPENDENCE from the data transmission system => don’t use optical fibers but
twisted pairs.

Increase the sensors to monitor the tower cinematic and mechanical behavior both
during the furling operation and in steady state.

Maintain the same redundancies
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 - PREFECE
In NEMO PHASE 2 The TOWER BASE has replaced the NEMO PHASE 1 Junction Box
and so it will be able to :
 Monitor the output voltage of the ALCATEL DC/DC
 Monitor the voltage applied to the tower backbone and the current consumption
of the 16 floors
 Allows the tower backbone switch on and off
 House the media converter that allows the fiber optic/ twisted pair conversion
necessary for the communication with the on-shore control system.
A Goal of the new system was to reduce power consumption and to have space-saving .
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 – MAIN ELEMENTS
SHORE
POWER FEEDING
EQUIPMENT
ALCATEL
Electro-Optical CABLE
100 km
AC/DC
10 kW – 10 kV
Frame
ALCATEL
DC/DC
10KV / 400 V
10 kW
NEMO
TOWER
ODI Wet- mateable connector
Power Feeding Equipment :
 P out 10 kW
Medium Voltage converter:
 P 10 kW
 V out 10 kV DC
Electro-optical cable:
 V max 10 kV
 Vin 10 kV DC
 a dummy load allows
operational testing
 R 1.5 Ohm/km
 Estimated Efficency > 90%
at full load
 20 optical fibers
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
 Vout 400 V DC
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 – NEMO TOWER
FLOOR
FLOOR
2
4
1 TWISTED PAIR
to supply the
ODD FLOORS
FLOOR
FLOOR
14
16
TOWER BASE
………
Bt
TOWER BACKBONE
………
DC-DC
B0
LOAD
35 W
CONTROL
SYSTEM
FLOOR
FLOOR
1
3
TOWER BASE
1 TWISTED PAIR
to supply the
EVEN FLOORS
FLOOR
FLOOR
13
15
FLOOR 16
FLOOR 1
Bt
DC-DC
B0
DC-DC
LOAD
LOAD
DC-DC
LOAD
20 W
35
35W
W
CONTROL
SYSTEM
B1
CONTROL
SYSTEM
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
B16
LOAD
20 W
CONTROL
SYSTEM
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 – TOWER CABLING
TOWER FLOOR
Normal Control System
PCS
FPMS = FLOOR POWER MODULE
SYSTEM
SPI & 5.5 VDC
TOWER
BACKBONE
Power Module
FPMS
PCS = POWER CONTROL SYSTEM
12V
5.5V
4.2V
SPI & 5.5VDC
Redundant Control System
PCS
Power Module
&
Control system
Twisted Pair B-RS485 Normal
Twisted Pair A-RS485 Redundancy
Twisted Pair C-400VDC Odd Floor
Twisted Pair D-400VDC Even Floor
TOWER BASE
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 – TOWER BASE
BLOCK DIAGRAM
400 V
FROM THE
ALCATEL
DC/DC
CONVERTER
TO THE ODD
FLOORS
400 V
400 V
A
TO THE EVEN
FLOORS
V
DC-DC
for the
CONTROL
SYSTEM
5V
BASE TOWER
OPTICAL
FIBERS
CONTROL SYSTEM
Media
Converter
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
ETHERNET2SPI
PCS
RS485
NORMAL
RS485
REDUNDANT
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 – FLOOR POWER MODULE
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Upper floor
DC-DC
Converter
+12V
V
RTN
ON-OFF
V
ON-OFF Main switch
Dissipative
Regulator
+4.2V
V
I
ON-OFF
GND
I/O
I/O
SPI
+5.5V
SPI
Control
circuit
DC-DC Status
Lower floor
+5.5V
I
ON-OFF Redundant switch
DC-DC
Converter
Output filter
Input filter
+5.5V
Input Circuit
protection
+400V
I
Redundant
control
Main
control
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 – FLOOR POWER MODULE
160mm
100mm
100mm
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS :
 Soft Start system
 Overvoltage protection
 Opt-isolated high voltage sensor
 DC/DC 400V/5.5V 50W
 Input and output filters
 Output current and low voltage sensors
 breaker to switch on and off the output low voltage line
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 – FLOOR DC/DC CONVERTER
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 –POWER CONTROL MODULE
55mm
130mm
The power control system is able to:
 acquire voltages, currents, temperatures and pressure,
 switch on and off the power to the backbone (high voltage) and to each floor (low voltage),
 it is possible to set the breakers threshold from shore,
 the system host a tri-axial magnetometer and an accelerometer to give the exact position of
the floor.
 the control system is redundant
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
NEMO PHASE 2 – CONCLUSIONS
THE TOWER POWER AND CONTROL SYSTEM HAVE BEEN
REALIZED AND TESTED
The goals of the power consumption reduction and of the space-saving
have been successfully reached
NOW WE ARE READY FOR INTEGRATION AND TEST OF THE ENTIRE
SYSTEM WITH DUMMY LOADS
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
AGENDA
 NEMO PHASE 1 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM - AC THREE- PHASE
NEMO PHASE 1 POWER CONTROL SYSTEM
NEMO PHASE 2 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM – DC
PRESSURE TEST ON ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
PRESSURE TEST ON ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS
WHY WE DO PRESSURE TESTS:
 The storage of as much as possible devices in pressure and oil environment is important for the
containers design. In this way the steel pressure vessel houses only the electronic devices that cannot
stay under pressure.
This solution will improve on reliability due to the reduced number of sealed connection that
represent failure points.
It will improve on costs due to the reduction of its dimensions and to the use of low cost materials
rather than expensive alloy such as standard titanium.
OUR GOAL HAS BEEN TO TEST AND CHARACTERIZE THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF
ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC DEVICES UNDER PRESSURE IN AN OIL
ENVIRONMENT
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008
PRESSURE TEST ON ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS
Tests have been curried out on:
Transformers, contactors, Solid state relay, Vicor dc/dc converter, current and voltage hall
effect trasducers, temperature sensor,
quarts crystals, capacitors, microcontrollers,
integrated circuits,
various electronic components.
Tests have been done for over two years in
iperbaric chambers at INFN- LNS (Catania),
different
.),
NURC- Nato Undersea Research Center (La Spezia).
No failure have been detected in the majority of the components tested.
ALL THE COMPONENTS OF THE NEMO PHASE 1 POWER AND CONTROL
SYSTEM WORKED UNDER PRESSURE,
NOW WE ARE WORKING TO HAVE THE SAME RESULTS FOR NEMO PHASE 2.
Rosanna Cocimano for the NEMO collaboration
VLVnT08, Toulon, France 22-24 April 2008