Transcript Chapter 5: Data Resource Management

1
Introduction to Information Systems
Essentials for the Internetworked E-Business Enterprise
Eleventh Edition
James A. O’Brien
Chapter
5
Data
Resource
Management
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
2
Chapter Objectives
• Explain the importance of implementing data
resource management processes and
technologies in an organization.
• Outline the advantages of a database
management approach to managing the data
resources of a business.
• Explain how database management software
helps business professionals and supports the
operations and management of a business.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
3
Chapter Objectives
• Provide examples to illustrate each of the
following concepts:
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–
–
–
–
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Major types of databases
Data warehouses and data mining
Logical data elements
Fundamental database structures
Database access methods
Database development.
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James A. O’Brien
Eleventh Edition
Introduction to Information Systems
4
Logical Data Elements
Personnel
Database
Employee
Record 1
Name
Data
Payroll
File
Benefits
File
Employee
Record 2
Employee
Record 3
SS Salary Name
Data
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Data
Data
SS Salary Name
Data
Data
Data
Employee
Record 4
SS Salary Name
Data
Data
Data
SS Salary
Data
Data
Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
5
Database Management Systems
Operating
System
Database
Management
•Database Development
•Database Interrogation
•Database Maintenance
•Application Development
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Database
Management
System
Application
Programs
Databases
Data
Dictionary
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James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
6
Major Types of Databases
External
Databases on
the Internet &
Online
Services
Distributed
Databases on
Intranets &
Other Networks
Client
PC or
NC
End User
Databases
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Network
Server
Operational
Databases of
the Organization
Data
Warehouse
Data
Mart
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James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
7
Data Warehouse and Data Mining
Operational
Databases
Data
Acquisition
Subsystem
Warehouse
Design
Subsystem
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Data
Management
Subsystem
Metadata
Management
Subsystem
Analytical
Data Store
Enterprise
Warehouse
Data Mart
Metadata
Directory
Metadata
Repository
Client
PC or
NC
Data Access
and Delivery
Subsystem
Web
Information
System
Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
8
Web-Based Systems
The Internet
Intranets
Extranets
Network
Server
Web
Browser
Web Server
Software
Client PCs
or NCs
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Web Objects
HTML pages
GIF image files
Video files
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James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
9
Data Resource Management
Data
Administration
Data
Planning
Database
Administration
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James A. O’Brien
Eleventh Edition
Introduction to Information Systems
10
Database Structures
Network Structure
Hierarchical Structure
Dept A
Dept
Project A
Employee
1
Project B
Employee
2
Employee
1
Dept B
Employee
2
Project A
Employee
3
Project B
Relational Structure
Dept
Dname
Dloc
Dmgr
Empno
Ename
Etitle
Dept
A
1
A
B
2
B
C
3
C
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Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien
Eleventh Edition
Introduction to Information Systems
11
Database Structures (cont)
Bank Account Object
Attributes
•Customer
•Balance
Denver
West
Feb
East
Actual
Operations
•Deposit
•Withdraw
Budget
Sales TV
VCR
Margin TV
VCR
Multidimensional
Database Structure
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Checking Account Savings Account
Object
Object
Attributes
Attributes
•Credit Line
•Mthly Statement
•Credit Line
•Mthly Statement
Operations
Operations
•Calculate Interest
•Print Mthly
Statement
•Calculate Interest
•Print Mthly
Statement
Object-Oriented
Database Structure
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James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
12
Accessing Files and Databases
Key
Transformation
Sequential
Organization
Key Fields
URLs
Indexed
Sequential
Access
Method
Sequential
Access
Direct Access
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James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
13
Database Development
1. Data Planning
Physical Models
Enterprise Model
5. Physical Design
2. Requirements
Specifications
Logical Models
User Needs
Description
4. Logical Design
3. Conceptual Design
Data Models
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
14
Chapter Summary
• Data resource management is a critical
management activity. Management roles
include database administration, data planning,
and data administration.
• Under the database management approach,
data records are consolidated into databases
that can be accessed by many different
application programs, serving multiple users.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien
Introduction to Information Systems
Eleventh Edition
15
Chapter Summary (cont)
• Database management systems are software
packages that simplify the creation, use, and
maintenance of databases.
• Several types of databases are used by
organizations including operational,
distributed, external, data warehouses and data
marts.
• Database development for large corporate
databases requires a top-down planning effort
involving planning, requirements specification
and logical and physical design.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.