Transcript WP2 PRACTIS - Tel Aviv University

Privacy –
Appraising Challenges to Technologies and Ethics
Aharon Hauptman, Yair Sharan
Interdisciplinary Center for Technology Analysis and Forecasting (ICTAF)
at Tel-Aviv University
Current Research: Global Perspectives – following OECD conference
Jerusalem, 26 October 2010
www.practis.org
PRACTIS Main Goals
Identify and assess potential impacts of
emerging technologies on:
Threats to privacy
Privacy enhancement
Change of perception of privacy
Propose means to cope with future risks while maximizing
the benefits from new technologies (e.g including privacy
consideration in Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of new products)
Horizon Scanning
Not only ICT !
Nano, Bio, Robotics, Materials, Cognition,
Converging Technologies…
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Internet of Things (IoT), Ambient Intelligence (AmI)
A worldwide system of interconnected intuitive networks
that pay attention to us, knows our likes and desires,
and proactively feeds us the information we need to act (or
acts by itself)...
Any personal object may be tagged (by RFID etc)
Dark-side scenarios:
IoT develops rapidly but privacy & security lag behind
Surveillance, identity theft, new crime opportunities…
Example (trivial?): robbers use RFID readers to select victims
by info about purchased items...
Online behavioral targeted advertising
Threats:
Manipulation of consumers by advertisers by
using huge sets of data about them
Impact on perception?
Advertisers restrict their use of behavioural advertising because of
growing consumer privacy concerns (Ponemon Inst.)
Israeli computer scientists:
“new generation of malware will mine social networks for
people's private patterns of behavior…..the value of this
data makes it almost inevitable that malicious attackers
will attempt to steal it”
Technology Review, Oct 8, 2010
Nano – the death of privacy?
“Molecularly naked” patients: nano-devices “could
allow insurance companies to know more about our
bodies than we do”
C. Toumey, “Nature Nanotechnology”, Apr. 2007
“undetectable video cameras, microphones and
transmitters anywhere one wishes”.
“Does this technology represent the death
of privacy as we know it?”
M. D. Mehta (Univ. of Winnipeg), “On Nano-Panopticism: A
Sociological Perspective”
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HP Vision: Central Nervous System for the Earth
(CeNSE)
“trillions of nanoscale sensors and actuators embedded in the
environment…. in everyday electronics…track hospital equipment,
sniff out pesticides in food, “recognize” the person using them
and adapt.”
will cost "next to nothing, yet measure everything."
Availability of unprecedented amounts of (private?) data
The forthcoming Brain Revolution
Delphi Foresight (Japan, 2005):
2027: Computers can read the information
recorded in the human brain
The present:
Emotiv’s headset can interpret user’s
thoughts and emotions
www.emotiv.com
Synthetic Telepathy
"By 2035, an implantable chip could
be wired directly to the user’s
brain….. including mind-to-mind or
telepathic dialogue.”
(UK MOD think tank)
Ultimate invasion of privacy?
Or total change of privacy perception?
– if even thinking is not private anymore!
Intelligent humanoid robots
Threats:
Surveillance, autonomous privacy violation?
Privacy enhancement:
Prevent privacy intrusions by strangers or
other robots?
Change of perception:
Acceptance of robots as friends?
Even today people become emotionally attached to robots.
Can lead to a disclosure of personal information (that may be
of interest for third parties…)
Privacy Enhancing Technologies
SFE: Secure function evaluation
PPDM: Privacy preserving data mining
(extracting useful info from databases
without exposing personal details)
Traceless Biometrics
 ….
PLCA: Privacy-oriented Life Cycle Analysis
(for new products development)
“Invisibility Cloak”
Metamaterials (with negative refractive index) can
hide objects from sight or make them appear as other
objects.
Perfect PET?
Or total change of
privacy perception?
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PRACTIS – School Survey on Privacy
~18 schools in 6 countries,
> 1000 students (ages 16-18)
Six privacy-oriented scenarios
Examples:
Scenario: Rock Concert
A venue that hosts rock concerts offers
personalized electronic bracelet.
Bracelet owners benefit from many advantages.
Would you use such an electronic bracelet?
No □
Yes □
Scenario: PC/Internet
A window warns you that spyware has been detected and proposes
a link to download the latest spyware remover.
Would you download
the software?
No □
Yes □
If yes, under which circumstances would you use the link?
As problems have been detected, I download it. □
If it’s for free, I’d download. □
If I get a coupon for online-shopping, I’d download. □
If I can win something, I’d download □
Other: □
Health monitoring sensors
To improve your health, miniature sensors (worn / implanted) are given for
free.
Health parameters are displayed on your cellphone and are sent to medical
service providers. It helps you to know your condition and to get better and
cheaper medical treatment/medications.
The same data informs doctors and your insurance company what
and how much you eat, drink, or smoke, and when you go to bed.
Would you use such medical sensors?
No □
Yes □
Yes, but only if they are not implanted □
Yes, but only if I decide when I do the tests and to
whom I send the information □
If no, why:
Risks vs. benefits: change of perception?
Thank
you!
Comments?
Ideas?
www.practis.org
[email protected]
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