Transcript 8thGradeElectricityP..

Electric charge is a property of
matter.
movement of electrons, resulting in
an imbalance of positive and
negative charges.
At first, a balloon and a glass rod
each have balanced, neutral charges.
movement of electrons, resulting in
an imbalance of positive and
negative charges.
When they touch, electrons move
from the rod to the balloon.
electric charge
A property that allows one object to exert a
force on another object without touching it.
Electric charge can be positive or
negative: positive charge is a property of
the proton, while negative charge is a
property of the electron.
electric field
An area surrounding a charged object,
within which the object can exert a force
on another object without touching it.
static charge
The buildup of electric charge in an object
caused by the uneven distribution of
charged particles.
induction
The build-up of a static charge in an object
when the object is close to, but not
touching, a charged object.
electric potential
The amount of potential energy per unit
charge that a static charge or electric
current has. Electric potential is measured
in volts, and is often called voltage.
volt
The unit of measurement for electric
potential, which is equal to one joule per
coulomb. The number of volts of an
electric charge equals the charge’s
voltage.
conductor
• A material that transfers electric charge
easily.
• 2. A material that transfers heat easily
insulator
1. A material that does not transfer electric
charge easily.
2. A material that does not transfer heat
easily.
resistance
The property of a material that determines
how easily a charge can move through it.
Resistance is measured in ohms.
ohm
The unit of measurement for electrical
resistance.
grounding
The creation of a harmless, low-resistance
path—a ground—for electricity to follow.
Grounding is an important electrical safety
procedure.
• Electric current is measured
in amperes, or amps.
• Ohm's law states that current equals
voltage divided by resistance.
• Current Voltage
Resistance
electric current
A continuous flow of electric charge, which is
measured in amperes.
ampere
The unit of measurement of electric current,
which is equal to one coulomb per second.
The number of amps flowing through a
circuit equals the circuit’s amperage.
Ohm’s law
The mathematical relationship among
current, voltage, and resistance,
expressed in the formula I = V/R (current =
voltage/resistance).
electric cell
A device that produces electric current using
the chemical or physical properties of
different materials. A battery consists of
two or more cells linked together.