Transcript Document

The different controllers
The Functions
• Input functions
• Function blocks
• Dedicated function blocks
• Logic functions
• Output functions
• Applications Examples
Digital input
Contact
Limit switch
Illuminated pushbutton
Selector switch
Pushbutton
Proximity sensor
Normally open relay
Presence detector
Analogue Input:
This type of input can take an
input voltage of 0 to 10 V
corresponding to a value of 0 to
255.
Numeric & Analogue
filtered Inputs:
These types of input can be used
to suppress interference.
Numeric Input:
Constant Inputs:
With an XT20 it is possible to
communicate a counter value to
the extension.
Both analogue and digital
constants.
This is an internal clock
with a period of one second.
Buttons: you can use the buttons
on the front panel of the Millenium:
A, B, ESC, OK, + and - in your
application.
Daylight saving:
For “summer time”
The Boolean
function takes four
inputs. The output
reacts according to the
truth table described in
the parameters.
Rocker switch:
generating a pulse on S or R
will Set or Reset the output.
The priority defines the
output state when both inputs
are at 1.
Time delay:
This is used to apply an ON
delay, an OFF delay, or
both delays to the output
signal in relation to the
input signal.
Input
Function A
Function C
Function AC
Preset counter:
This function is used to count
up to a defined value.
Once this value has been
reached, the output changes
to 1 until reset if the fixed
output is selected, or for a
certain period if the pulse
output is selected.
Zone comparison:
Used for applications using
analogue data.
Max Limit
Min Limit
Run in the
zone
Stop in the
zone
Input
Output
BW timer:
This generates a cycle duration
pulse on a rising or falling edge
or on both edges of an input,
according to the setting chosen
in the parameters.
input
ouput
Hour meter
This function measures the
duration of the input state at 1.
After a preset duration, the
output changes state. This
block can, for example, be used
as an alert on a machine for
maintenance purposes.
Pulse:
This is used to
generate pulses
on a rising edge of
the input.
Monostable:
This block is used to
generate 1 pulse on a
rising edge of the input.
Schmitt trigger:
The output
changes state if the input is lower than the
minimum value, and the output changes
state again if the input is higher than the
maximum value.
If the input is between the two, the output
remains unchanged.
This function is used to locate a high
threshold and low threshold in relation to
an analogue variable..
Comparison of 2 values:
This block is used to compare two
analogue values using the =, >,
<,,, operators.
The digital output is activated if the
comparison is true.
Gain:
Function which
allows the use of a scale factor
and is applicable to all analogue
data.
Display on the LCD:
This block is used to display text
or an integer on the front panel
LCD display.
For example, you can display a
decimal derived from an integer.
24-hour, 7-day
and 365-day timer
switch:
This function is used to
activate or deactivate the
output at a precise moment
in the day, week or year.
Bistable:
The principle of this block is
very well known, since it
involves an impulse relay.
Essentially a flip-flop, the
initial impulse will set the
output to 1, and the ensuing
pulse will reset the output to
0.
Multiplexing:
This function multiplexes the
integers. It is used to route
on the output either the
value of the CHANNEL A
input when the CONTROL
input is set to OFF or the
value of the CHANNEL B
input when the CONTROL
input is set to ON.
Cam timer:
If the FORWARD input
changes from OFF to ON, a
group of 8 integral cam
wheels will move forward
one step.
The function presents ON or
OFF values (parameter
inputs) for the number of the
step indicated on the
POSITION output (0 to 49)
on the 8 outputs (OUTPUT 1
to OUTPUT 8).
Pumps
management:
This function is used to set to
ON a maximum of four digital
outputs
which
can
be
activated (OUTPUT 1 ...
OUTPUT 4).
In addition, the outputs set to
ON are selected so that in
the event of prolonged
operation, each output will
have been set to ON the
same number of times.
Archive:
This function is used to
record and keep track of a
special event ( alarm, counter
value, time, over heating…).
Multiplication
division
Addition subtraction:
Used to multiply simple
values but also counter
values
Up / Down counter:
Counts values up and down, setting
the output ON when the preset value
is reached. The output goes back
OFF if the value on the down-count
input causes the counter value to fall
under the preset value.
Modif time prog:
It is a user friendly, front
panel configuration for time
switch display.
Graphcet Functions:
SFC functions are similar to Grafcet language.
The principle is simple, since it involves sequential programming, with steps
succeeding one another surrounded by transitions.
When a step is active, wait for the next transition to become active in order to go
to the next step.
Initial Step and Resettable initial step:
This function can be used to set up an operating phase or step for
a PLC or a device.
This reinitialisation, which has priority over all the input values of
an independent SFC chart, forces a status token to its own state
and all other functions to their initial states
• The non-connected TRANSITION is maintained in the OFF state: transition blocked
• The non-connected STEP INPUT 1 or STEP INPUT 2 is maintained with no token
present in the step input.
• The non-connected REINITIALISATION is maintained in the OFF state: The
associated function cannot reinitialise the independent SFC chart with which it is
associated.
A OR convergence is used to link an identical operating phase after
one or other operating phases (simultaneous or not).
Operating in progress: Step1
of B01 active.
End of operating phase 1:
transition B01 active
Operating phase 3 in
progress: Step B03 active
(stable state)
(transient state)
(stable state)
Active
step
Status token
circulation
Active
step
The AND convergence function is used to link a single operating phase
after simultaneous operating phases.
Operating phase 1 & 2 in
progress: Step 1 & 2 of B01
are active simultaneously
(stable state)
End of operating phase 1& 2:
Transition B01 active
(transient state)
(transient state)
Operating phase 3 in
progress: Step B02
(stable state)
(stable state)
Active
step
Active
step
Active
step
OR Divergence is used to link one or two operating phases after an
operating phase.
Operating phase 1 in
progress: Step B01 active
(stable state)
End of operating phase 1.
Transition 2 of B01 active
(transient state)
Operating phase 3 in
progress: Step B00 active
(stable state)
Active
Step
Active
step
AND Divergence to is used to represent and control simultaneous operating
phases.
Operating phase 1 in
progress: Step B01 active
(stable state)
End of operating phase 1.
Transition B01 active
(transient state)
Operating phase 2& 3 in
progress simultaneously:
Step B00 & B04active
(stable state)
Active
step
Active
step
Active
step
This function logically ANDs the connected digital input signals.
If at least one INPUT is set to OFF, the OUTPUT is set to OFF. If all the connected INPUTS
are set to ON, the OUTPUT is set to ON.
This function logically ORs the connected digital input signals.
If at least one INPUT is set to ON, the OUTPUT is set to ON. If all the connected INPUTS
are set to OFF, the OUTPUT is set to OFF.
This function logically NEGATIVELY ANDs the connected digital input signals.
If at least one INPUT is set to OFF, the OUTPUT is set to ON. If all the connected INPUTS
are set to ON, the OUTPUT is set to OFF.
This function logically NEGATIVELY ORs the connected digital input signals.
If at least one INPUT is set to ON, the OUTPUT is set to OFF. If all the connected INPUTS
are set to OFF, the OUTPUT is set to ON.
This function exclusively logically ORs the connected digital input signals.
If both INPUTS are at the same level (both set to ON or both set to OFF), the OUTPUT is set
to OFF. If one of the inputs is set to ON and the other is set to OFF, the output is set to ON.
This function logically NOTs the connected digital input signals.
If the INPUT signal is set to OFF, the OUTPUT is set to ON. If the INPUT signal is set to ON,
the OUTPUT is set to OFF.
Digital Outputs
Normally open relay
Audible signal
Fan
Indicator
Lamp
Green light
Solid State Relay
Red light
Valve
Orange light
Cylinder
Heater
Motor
Resistor
Pulse Width Modification Output
The input (internal controller input) of the PWM output is an integer value. The value
of an integer at the output of an FBD function block can be between -32767 and
+32767.
The PWM only takes into account values between 0 and 255: this means that all
input values less than 0 are reset to 0 and that all values greater than 255 are reset
to 255.
This value between 0 and 255 is used in the PWM to vary the cyclic ratio of a digital
clock.
For example:
with the value 0, the output signal is always at 0
with the value 127, the output signal is at 0 for half the time and at 1 for half the time:
the filtered analog output is produced at half the supply voltage of the output unit
finally, with the value 255, the output signal is always at 1 and the analog output
takes the maximum value of the supply voltage of the unit.
[-32767; 0]
Input
127
1
Output
200
1
[255; 32767]
1
0
50%
79%
100%
Num Out
This function is used to output a 16-bit integer (-32768, +32767) from certain connected
extensions.
This input can only be placed on INTEGER type output units of the extensions.
Back Light
This output symbol cannot be placed on the output units of the controller.
Backlighting of the LCD screen on the front panel of the controller.
The screen is not lit when the input is in the OFF state.
In simulation and monitoring modes, when the input is set to ON, the following symbol
appears.
Input ON: the LCD screen is back-lit
Timer A-C
Three timing Functions in one block.
Delay on Make Function A
Upon receiving an input signal timing begins.
After the set time has elapsed the output is
activated. The output remains active until
removal of the input signal.
Combination Delay on Make / Delay on Break
Function AC
Upon receiving the input signal the delay on make time
begins. After the set time has elapsed the
output is activated. Upon removal of the input signal,
the delay on break time begins. After the set
time has elapsed the output is de-activated. Delay on
and delay off times are independently adjustable.
Delay on Break Function C
Upon receiving the input signal the output is
activated. Timing begins with removal of the
input signal. After the set time has elapsed
the output is de-activated
Timer BH
Single Shot Function B
Upon receiving an input signal the output
is activated and timing begins. After the
set time has elapsed the output is de-activated.
The input signal has no effect on the timer
until the output is de-activated
Interval Function H
Upon receiving an input signal the output is
activated and timing begins. After the set time
has elapsed the output is de-activated.If the
input signal is removed before time-out, timing
will reset and the output is de-activated.
Repeat Cycle Timer, Counter, Set Reset
In this example, a momentary push button is pressed to start the cycle. The Timer Li function
Block is set to flash the light bulb on for 1second and off for 1 second. The Timer Li function block
can also be programmed to repeat this cycle a set number of times. In this example the timer has
been programmed to repeat the cycle 10 times. The Set Reset Function Block is used to latch the
momentary push button.
The Preset Counter is used to count the number of flashes and reset the Set Reset.
Temperature Sensing
In this example, a Crouzet 89750150 temperature sensor is wired to a Millenium analog input.
The Gain Function Block scales the 8 bit analog to digital converter to degrees Fahrenheit. This
particular sensor measures 14 to 104 degrees. The value of the gain is fed into the compare. The
Num Function Block is used to feed a set value into the Compare Function. In this example, the
value of num is set to 80. The compare function block is programmed to give an output if the
gain value is greater than the num block value. If the temperature goes above 80 degrees the
Millenium will turn on a fan.
Boolean - Complex Logic
in a single Function
=
In this example, both of these diagrams perform the same function. The Boolean
function block is programmed via a truth table. You can set the block to activate
it’s output on any combination of the 4 inputs.
Multiple Displays
In this example, The ‘A’ key on the front face of the Millenium is used to page through five separate displays.
At start-up the current count of the counter is 0, the first compare is set to be active when the counter is at 0.
When the A button is pressed the counter increments. The value of the counter is now 1 and the second compare
is programmed to be active for this counter value. The counter’s set point is programmed for the number of
displays in the sequence (5 in this example). The counter is also programmed to be in repeat mode, so the
counter resets at 5 and the first display is then active again.
Addition/Subtraction Function Block
In this example, The Addition/Subtraction block is used to add(top example) or subtract(bottom example) two
analog values. Input 6 and 7 are programmed to be analog inputs. The two gain function blocks scale the number
to a meaningful value. The two gain blocks feed the add or subtract inputs on the add/subtract function block. The
result of the math is displayed on the LCD and is also fed to the compare. The counter preset value is used to feed
the compare a user adjustable value. The second display allows modification of the counter preset.
Rate Meter / Tachometer
In this example, a proximity sensor is used to determine rpm of a rotating object. Rpm is displayed on the LCD,
and compared against a fixed value. The prox is wired to a Boolean block. The Boolean block only gives an
output if the prox is on and the Timer B06 is NOT on. The counter counts the pulses of the prox for one second.
The value of the counter is then multiplied to determine rpm. The archive block is used to store that value and
display it on the LCD. The archive block is updated once every 1.2 seconds. The Time B06 controls the
operation. The timer has 1 second off time and a .2 second on time. The off time is used to count the pulses.
The on time triggers the archive to latch in the rpm, and start the delay timer. The timer delays .2 seconds then
resets the counter for the next sample. The compare function turns on an output when a certain rpm is reached,
this value is programmed into the NUM block B11