Transcript Electricity and Magnetism - Miss. Shannon's Grade 5 Class

Electricity and
Magnetism
Ms. Shannon
Grade 5
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What do you KNOW?
What do you WANT to find out?
What did you LEARN? That will come later.
Please fill out the KWL chart in the front of your
book.
What is Electricity?
• Electricity is made up of microscopic electrons.
They move and carry an electrical charge.
• An electrical current is when the electrons flow
or move.
• Electrons from a battery flow to a clock and
power the clock with their electrical charge.
Electricity is…
• Electricity powers many, many things around
us. Everything you have to plug-in, runs on
electricity.
• Brainstorm items in the class or at home, that run
on electricity.
• Toasters, ovens, video games are examples.
It is an Electric World
• Electricity is made or produced from power
plants.
• The power plants produce electricity in turbines,
using water, heat-from coal or wind.
• Electricity flows in a current from the power
plant to our homes.
Where does Electricity
come from?
• Electricity flows just like water from a hose. The
flowing electricity is called an electrical current.
• Currents of electricity flow through power lines,
transformers and through wires in our homes.
Electrical Current
• Electricity also comes from batteries.
• There are many different sizes of batteries and
they all have different amounts of power.
Batteries
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Car battery
Watch battery  Button cell
AA, AAA, AAAA, C, D
9-volt
Phone battery Galvanic cell, voltaic cell,
electrochemical cell.
• Rechargeable  Lithium Ion
Types of batteries
• Batteries are storage cells of electricity.
• Batteries are also called cells.
• A battery has a positive terminal and a negative
terminal.
• A terminal is where the electricity flows, much
like a terminal in a train station.
Batteries
• Write any 3 examples of Naturally Occurring Electricity
in your notes:
• In nature, some organisms can produce their own
electrical charge.
• Electric eels, catfish, fireflies, stingrays
• Your brain and nervous system produces electricity.
• Lightning is a form of natural electricity.
Naturally Occurring
Electricity
• Electricity is very dangerous. It is important to
follow a few safety rules.
1. Never use electricity in or near water.
2. Never place to many plugs in one socket.
3. Never play near or on power lines.
4. Never pull out a plug, by its cord.
5. Never stick anything into a plug in.
Electricity Safety
6. Never run electrical cords under rugs.
7. Never use an electrical lawn mower on wet grass
or when it is raining.
8. Never play on power boxes.
9. Never stick anything metal into a toaster.
10. Never use a frayed cord.
Electricity Safety
• A conductor is an object that allows electrons to
flow easily through it.
• Most metals, like copper and aluminum, graphite,
water, and people are good conductors.
Conductors
• Insulators are objects that do not allow
electrons to flow easily through it or at all.
• Wood, plastic, rubber are good insulators.
Insulators
• Resistors slow down electrons. When an
electron is slowed down, it heats up.
• Wire, steel wool, and carbon filament are
all examples of resistors.
Resistors
• A circuit is a circular movement of electrons.
• In a circuit, the electrons flow from the battery to
the load and back to the battery.
• In order for the circuit to work, it must be
complete.
Circuits
• Circuits can be open or closed.
• An open circuit has a break or opening in the circuit. The
circuit will not work.
• A closed circuit has no openings or breaks. The circuit
will work because the electrons can flow in a complete
circle.
Open vs. Closed Circuits
• If you have a circuit with one bulb, a battery and
wires, How can you increase the brightness of the
bulbs?
• If you add a battery, you can make the bulb
brighter.
• Adding a battery, increases the amount of
electrons that power the bulb, making more light.
Adding a Battery
End of Information
on Quiz #1
Good job!
If you understand all the information in this
PowerPoint as well as the work we’ve done in our
labs – you should feel ready for the quiz!
We have more to learn about Electricity & Magnetism
after this quiz… I hope you’re “buzzed” about this!
• In a circuit, it is important to be able to turn it off
and on.
• A switch is a device that can open or close a
circuit.
• A switch can be used to turn on or off the circuit,
in this example, the light.
Switch
• This is a build up of stationary electrons on a
surface of an object.
• For example, electrons from your hair build up
on the surface of a balloon as you rub it against
your head.
• This creates an electrostatic negative charge.
Static Electricity
• The balloon is can now stick to a
surface because the balloon is acting
like a magnet.
• The positive electrons are trying to
move to the negative electrons.
Static Electricity
• A magnet is an object that produces an magnetic
field.
• Magnets have a north and south pole.
• The north pole repels the north. The south repels
the south.
• The north and the south are attracted to each
other.
Magnets
• Why is important to conserve energy?
• Many ways that are used to produce energy are
with non-renewable resources. It is important for
us to want to conserve our non-renewable
resources. We want future generations to have
what we have today. If we run out of oil, their
will be no more and we will not be able to use
our cars, machines, etc.
Energy Conservation