Transcript UMC_90

Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Human++ from technology to
emerging health monitoring
concepts
Advisor:Robert Chen-Hao Chang
Student:Shiue Ru Chen
Date:2010/06/04
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Outline
Overview of the BAN set
 Different biopotential signal sensing
 Micro-power generation
 Emerging health monitoring concepts
A. Wireless sleep staging
B. Wireless ECG patch
 Reference

Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Overview of the BAN set up
Sensor : processing the bio-signals
Base station : collecting and managing the data-flow
The incoming signal are amplified and filtered and the
BAN is a typical star topology networks with TDMA
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Different biopotential signals
Amplitude and frequency characteristics of different
biopotential signals
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Sensor node
• 1 EEG sensor node that can acquire,
process and transmit 1 to 24 EEG signals.
• 1 ECG sensor node that can acquire,
process and transmit ECG signals.
• 1 EMG sensor node that can acquire,
process and transmit EMG signals.
• 1 base-station that collects the information
from the 3 sensor nodes.
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Functional diagram
Signals are sampled at 1024Hz with a 12-bit resolution and
transmitted over a wireless link operation in the 2.4GHz ISM band
1.Listen : the sensors receive their parameter from the base station
2.Processing : the biopotentical signals are monitored and processed
3.Transmit : the sensors send their data to the base station
4.Sleep : power save mode ,most of the electronics are switched off
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Ultra-low-power wireless
The Nordic nRF24L01 achieves less than 20nJ/bit
Another system can deliver a pulse rate up to 40MHz
with a measured power consumption of 2mW, or 50pJ
per pulse ,1nJ/bit.
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Ultra-low-power sensing
EEG, ECG, EMG and EOG signals, presents an interesting
challenge as these signals differ in amplitude and
frequency characteristics
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
UWB-IR
The transmitted signal consists in pulses of short duration
(~1-2 ns) that are separated by longer silent periods (~20 ns
or more).
1.bandwidth larger than 500 MHz
2.Communications between 3.1GHz
and 10.6GHz
3.Power spectral density(PSD)limit of
-41dbm/MHz
Feature:
1.High speed (400 Mbps)
2.Low power
3.Wireless transformation
4.Impulse signal
5.Range of 10m
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Architecture of the pulse generator
It been implemented in a logic 0.18um CMOS technology
And it can deliver a pulse rate up to 40MHz with a
measured power consumption of 2mW, or 50pJ per
pulse ,1nJ/bit.
Ring oscillator has fast startuptime
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Example for EMG
Listen and transmit mode consume about 90% of the power
and the overall power less than 1mW if the measurement
interval is longer than 1s
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Comparing
(up) UWB-IR signal , there are idle time that can save power
(down) narrowband radio signal , there are always active time
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Power breakdown for benchmarking
example
Active : optimizing the processing algorithm , reducing
data memory sizes, decreasing processor complexity and
cycle count
Idle : clock gating control
Leakage : using high threshold voltage cell
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Micro-power generation
Heat flow generates a power density
of about 20 m W / cm2
A thermoelectric generator (TEG)
output voltage of 0.7V at matched load
Provide pulse-oximeter power
At 22°C, wrist-watch type of TEG
provide 0.2-0.3 mW
density varying from 8 to 25 uW / cm2
micromachined thermoelectric
generator, which is expected to
generate up to 30 μW/cm2 at a
voltage exceeding 4.0 V
EEG monitoring
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Seebeck effect
A (+)
T1
measure
point
T2
base
point
i
T1>T2
B(-)
The thermal emf is not define as temperature(T1－T2) .
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Schematic of a thermoelectric
Typically based on Bi2Te3, the pillars have a lateral size of 0.3 – 1
μm and a height of 1 – 3 μm. A TEG optimized to obtain the
maximum power will have a thermal resistance of about 200
cm2K/W per cm2 of surface
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Performance of the watch-like TEG
1.No physical activity 2.Working in office
3.Walking man
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Battery-less electronics
Wireless body-powered pulse oximeter , a
prototype of the battery-less electronics and the
application running on a laptop.
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Emerging health monitoring concepts
A. Wireless sleep staging
2-channel EEG, 2-channel EOG
and 1-channel EMG
Each node achieves a power
consumption of 15 mW, for a
sampling rate of 200 Hz
Featuring:
Reconfigurable gain and
bandwidth, the read-out ASIC can
be used to monitor EEG, EOG and
EMG
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Comparing
a. Now in hospital
b. optimized
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Emerging health monitoring concepts
B. Wireless ECG patch
Feature:
A fork-antenna and a snap-on
connector, for connection to one
electrode
Maintain the overall power
consumption around 10 mW
for more than 5 days autonomy
3
with a battery of size 20x20x5 m m
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
Comparing
a. Holter device
b. optimized
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
3D SiP
3D SiP Wireless autonomous sensor node
Integrated Circuits and Systems Lab 612
References
1.Julien Penders, Bert Gyselinckx, Ruud Vullers, Michael
De Nil, Subbu Nimmala, Jef van de Molengraft, Firat
Yazicioglu, Tom Torfs, Vladimir Leonov, Patrick Merken,
Chris Van Hoof, “Human++: from technology to
emerging health monitoring concepts “2008
2.Penders, J., Gyselinckx, B., Vullers, R., Rousseaux, O.,
Berekovic, M., De Nil, M., Van Hoof, C., Ryckaert,
J.,Yazicioglu, R.F., Fiorini, P. and Leonov, V., 2007, in
IFIP International Federation for Information
Processing,Volume 249, VLSI-SoC: Research Trends in
VLSI and Systems on Chip, eds. De Micheli, G., Mir, S.,
Reis, R.,(Boston: Springer), pp. 377–397