Transcript Maurizio Delfanti - CIRED • International Conference on Electricity

Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
EN 50160 voltage dips and swells
classification as an instrument for
responsibility sharing
Maurizio Delfanti
Department of Energy– Politecnico di Milano
CENELEC TC 8X/WG1 Secretary
[email protected]
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
TC8X Organization
TC8X
System Aspects of Electricity Supply
WG 1
Physical
Characteristics Of
Electrical Energy
TF 1 ... 8
WG 3
Requirements for
connection of
generators to
distribution
networks
WG 4
Endorsement
Of IEC 60038
as European
Standard
WG 5
Smart Grid
Requirements
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Editions of EN 50160
3

First edition: November 1994
EN 50160: Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public
distribution systems.
Subjects: LV and MV distribution networks

Further Editions: 1999, 2007

Current Edition: EN 50160:2010
prEN 50160:2009 voted positively on May, 2009
Ratification postponed by CLC BT due to comments received
Finally ratified by BT on March 2010 and dispatched on July 2010
Corrigendum December 2010 (d.o.w. of conflicting std2013-0301)
Implemented at national level by March,1st 2011
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
EN 50160:2010
new title and scope
Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public
distribution systems electricity networks
4

This European Standard defines, describes and specifies the
main characteristics of the voltage at a network user's supply
terminals in public low, medium and high voltage electricity
networks under normal operating conditions.

This standard describes the limits or values within which the
voltage characteristics can be expected to remain at any supply
terminal
in
public
European
electricity
networks
and does not describe the average situation usually
experienced by an individual network user.
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
New edition (EN 50160:2010)
continuous phenomena / voltage events
In the new edition (EN 50160:2010), a distinction is made between:


continuous phenomena, i.e. small deviations from the nominal
value that occur continuously over time - such phenomena are
mainly due to load pattern, changes of load or nonlinear loads;
voltage events, sudden and significant deviations from normal or
desired wave shape.
Voltage events are typically due to unpredictable events (e.g., faults)
or to external causes (e.g., weather, third party actions)
For some continuous phenomena limits are specified;
for voltage events, only indicative values can be given at present.
5
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Voltage events
Voltage events, sudden and significant deviations from normal or
desired wave shape.

Interruptions of the supply voltage

Supply voltage dips/swells

Transient overvoltages between live conductors and earth
It is possible to give only indicative values (incl. RVCs):
such phenomena are difficult to predict; more investigation is needed
6
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Voltage events:
voltage dips
Definition: a temporary reduction of the voltage at a point in the
electrical supply system below a specified start threshold.
Note 1: For the purpose of this standard, the dip start threshold is equal
to 90 % of the reference voltage.
Note 2: Typically, a dip is associated with the occurrence and
termination of a short circuit or other extreme current increase on the
system or installations connected to it.
Note 3: For the purpose of this standard, a voltage dip is
a two dimensional electromagnetic disturbance, the level of which is
determined by both voltage and time (duration).
7
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Network performance &
equipment test levels



8
It is useful to
describe
the
possible behavior of
the network with the
same parameters
used for testing
appliances
(Product Standards)
Test levels for appliances
in EN 61000-4-11, class 3
Reference
was
made
to
test
levels
given
in
EN 61000-4-11 (different test levels for different classes: 1, 2, 3, X)
EN 61000-4-11 contains a reference to the “network performance”
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
The new classification in EN 50160:2010,
Tables 2, 5 and 8



9
Measurement uncertainty (addressed in EN 61000-4-30) has to be considered.
The duration of a voltage dip depends on the protection strategy adopted,
which may differ from case to case (network structure, neutral earthing, etc)
Durations do not necessarily match the boundaries of the columns of the Table.
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Equipment immunity
Duration t [ms]
Range of res. voltage Ur
(in % of Un or Ud)
10 < t ≤ 200
200 < t ≤ 500
500 < t ≤ 5000
90 > Ur ≥ 80
A1
A2
A3+A4
80 > Ur ≥ 70
B1
B2
B3+B4
70 > Ur ≥ 40
C1
C2
C3+C4
40 > Ur ≥ 5
D1
D2
D3+D4
For a given class of appliances (f.i., class 3), the cells above the curve
represent an immunity area
Classes are referred to different electromagnetic environment,
as defined in EN 61000-2-4
10
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Voltage quality requirements
Duration t [ms]
Range of res. voltage Ur
(in % of Un or Ud)
10 < t ≤ 200
200 < t ≤ 500
500 < t ≤ 5000
90 > Ur ≥ 80
A1
A2
A3+A4
80 > Ur ≥ 70
B1
B2
B3+B4
70 > Ur ≥ 40
C1
C2
C3+C4
40 > Ur ≥ 5
D1
D2
D3+D4
For the cells below the curve, a regulation can be enforced at a
national level
Expected values (for each bus? for each area? for worst served
customers?) can be given by TSO/DSO
11
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Responsibility sharing curve
12

As some standard/national documents (France, South Africa)
already foresee, it is useful to set a bound between:
 events for which appliances have to be immune
 events that can be limited by the DSO/TSO

The concept of a “responsibility sharing curve” is much wider and
complex (see next presentation by M. Bollen)

In the new edition of the Standard (EN 50160:2010) the concept
has been applied to voltage dips
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Annex B:
B.1 General
This annex is aimed at providing the reader with some information
about indicative values currently available at a European level for
some of the events defined and described in the standard.
Some information is also given about the way of using values
given in the standard, and about the way of collecting further
measurement data, in order to allow for comparisons between
different systems and to have homogeneous data at a EU level.
As many monitoring systems are in place in some countries,
further information is available at a national level.
At a national level, more precise figures can be found;
furthermore, some regulations may exist.
13
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
QuEEN: 400 monitoring units installed on
MV bus-bars of HV/MV substations
QuEEN monitors about 10% of the main
MV bus-bars.
The sample is representative of the network
characteristics in terms of:
 number of HV/MV substations per region
 length of the MV lines
 type of MV lines: cable, overhead, mixed
 neutral compensation or isolated neutral
 number/density of MV/LV customers
The system is managed by
(Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico)
RSE
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
QuEEN report, year 2008
(data collected on 10% of MV main busbars)
Duration t [ms]
Range of res. voltage Ur
(in % of Un or Ud)
10 < t ≤ 200
200 < t ≤ 500
500 < t ≤ 5000
90 > Ur ≥ 80
29,2
5,6
2,0
80 > Ur ≥ 70
18,6
4,3
0,6
70 > Ur ≥ 40
40,0
6,8
0,7
40 > Ur ≥ 5
15,4
2,6
0,3



Average number of dips per bus: 124,1
97,7 voltage dips would be overcome by class 3 equipment
26,4 voltage dips would impair the operation of class 3 equipment
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
QuEEN report, year 2009
(data collected on 10% of MV main busbars)
Duration t [ms]
Range of res. voltage Ur
(in % of Un or Ud)
10 < t ≤ 200
200 < t ≤ 500
500 < t ≤ 5000
90 > Ur ≥ 80
34,9
7,5
2,6
80 > Ur ≥ 70
17,1
5,3
0,8
70 > Ur ≥ 40
28,2
5,3
0,7
40 > Ur ≥ 5
9,9
1,7
0,2



Average number of dips per bus: 114,2
95,6 voltage dips would be overcome by class 3 equipment
18,6 voltage dips would impair the operation of class 3 equipment
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
QuEEN report, year 2010
(data collected on 10% of MV main busbars)
Duration t [ms]
Range of res. voltage Ur
(in % of Un or Ud)
10 < t ≤ 200
200 < t ≤ 500
500 < t ≤ 5000
90 > Ur ≥ 80
31,5
6,4
2,0
80 > Ur ≥ 70
15,5
4,4
0,6
70 > Ur ≥ 40
22,6
4,8
0,5
40 > Ur ≥ 5
8,5
1,3
0,2



Average number of dips per bus: 98,3
82,4 voltage dips would be overcome by class 3 equipment
15,9 voltage dips would impair the operation of class 3 equipment
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
Towards VQ regulation in Italy
Based on the EN 50160:2010, on the data collected by QuEEN,
and on an economic analysis of the impact of microinterruptions
(transient interruptions+voltage dips, PoliMI – DIG 2006) on the Italian economy,
Autorità per l’energia elettrica e il gas published two Consultation Documents
(DCO 42/10; DCO 15/11); some proposals regard:
1) extension of VQ monitoring to all MV busbars of HV/MV stations
(about 4000 VQ meters needed)
2) publication
of
expected/registered
values
of
microinterruptions
(transient interruptions+voltage dips) by the DSO for each MV main busbar
(publication of long and short interruptions already in force)
The availability of such data would allow a sensitive user to evaluate
on a sound technical base if further immunization / mitigation is needed for his
specific production process (equipment class; UPS; PQ contract).
Frankfurt (Germany), 6-9 June 2011
THANK YOU!
Maurizio Delfanti – Italy – RT 2a