Transcript Prenatal Storyboard

Prenatal Storyboard
by Akshita Sanjay, Ivan Yorobe, and Mike
Nogueira
Intro
Narrator- Having a baby has its ups and downs. It’s both the miracle of life and the start of a very
special journey. But the nine months spent in the mother’s womb is the most crucial part of the baby’s
development. The average length of time for prenatal development to complete is 38 weeks from the
date of conception. During this time, a single-celled zygote develops in a series of stages into a fullterm baby. This is the beginning of life.
Vid of Ivan pregnant partaking in daily life
Stage Defined
Narrator- Prenatal development refers to the process in which a baby develops from a single cell
after conception into an embryo and later a fetus.The end result is birth. Prenatal development is
then split up into three stages known as the germinal, the embryonic, and the fetal stages.
pics on next slide
pics
Germinal Stage
Narrator- The germinal stage occurs following conception. 36 hours after conception, the zygote
begins to divide and the resulting cells move up the fallopian tubes and into the uterus. The cells then
implant into the wall of the uterus. If this does not occur, then the pregnancy fails. A tissue called the
placenta also begins to form in the uterus during this stage. This tissue helps pass nutrients from the
mother’s blood into the embryo or fetus while simultaneously removing waste materials. The germinal
stage is also the shortest stage of the three, and lasts six to seven days.
vid of zygote attaching to uterine wall
Embryonic Stage
Narrator- The germinal stage is followed by the Embryonic stage, which is the second longest and
lasts about 8 weeks. This stage begins after implantation. In this stage, cells divide very rapidly and
take on different functions through a process called differentiation. After this, the formation of three
germ layers begin, in a process called gastrulation. The three different germ layers are ectoderm,
which is the outer layer, mesoderm, the middle layer, and endoderm, which is the inner layer. Each
layer develops into different tissues and structures for the fetus.
pics of embryo dividing
Embryonic Physical Developments
Narrator- The physical developments during the embryonic stage can be monitored by the age of the
embryo in weeks. During the third week of the pregnancy, which is when the embryonic stage begins,
the development of the brain, heart, blood cells, circulatory system, spinal cord and digestive system
of the embryo also begins. During the fourth week, the bones, facial structures, and limbs begin to
develop, and the brain,
nervous tissue and the heart continue to develop. During week 5, the eyes, nose, kidneys, and lungs
develop, and the rest of the organs continue developing.
pics of embryo
Embryonic Physical Developments
Narrator- By the sixth week, the embryonic stage reaches its halfway mark, and the development of
hands, feet, and digits begin. By the sixth to seventh week, the gender of the unborn baby can be
seen with the use of an ultrasound. In addition, during this week, brain waves can be detected. During
the eighth week, which is the last week of this stage, the facial features of the baby become more
distinct, the internal organs become more developed, and the brain can signal muscles to move. The
development of the heart is finally complete during this week.
pic of developed embryo
Fetal Stage
Narrator- The Embryonic stage is followed by the Fetal stage, which lasts about 38 weeks and is the
longest of the three stages. During this stage, the fetus develops and grows, even after all the organ
systems were formed in the Embryonic stage. The fetus starts out about 1.2 inches long and
weighing 0.1 ounces. As it develops throughout this stage, it will grow approximately 20 inches in
length and weighing 7.3 pounds on average.
pic of fetus
Fetal Physical Developments
Narrator- Fetal development happens over multiple weeks. During weeks 9-12, the external features
such as the face, neck, eyelids, limbs, digits, and genitals are well formed. The beginnings of teeth
appear, and red blood cells begin to be produced in the liver. The fetus is able to make a fist. During
weeks 13-15, fine hair called lanugo first develops on the head; structures such as the lungs, sweat
glands, muscles, and bones continue to develop. The fetus is able to swallow and make sucking
motions.
Fetal Physical Developments
Narrator- Weeks 16–20 start with the formation of Lanugo covering all skin surfaces, and fat begins to
develop under the skin. Features such as fingers, toenails, eyebrows, and eyelashes appear and the
fetus becomes more active, and the mother can feel the baby moving inside her. During weeks 21-24,
the hair on the head grows longer, and the eyebrows and eyelashes finish forming. The fetus begins to
look more and more like a human being. The lungs continue to develop with the formation of air sacs
(alveoli); and the eyes finish developing. The next few weeks mark a period of rapid brain and
nervous system development. The fetus gains greater control over movements such as opening and
closing its eyelids. The lungs have developed to the point that breathing air is possible.
Fetal Physical Developments
Narrator- During the last few weeks of the pregnancy, fat deposits become more pronounced under
the skin. The lungs are not fully matured, but breathing movements begin. The bones of the fetus
begin to develop, but do not completely harden. During weeks 33-36, body fat continues to increase,
and the hairs that cover the fetus called the lanugo start to disappear. The fingernails are also fully
grown at this point and the fetus has some control over body functions. During the last four weeks of
development, weeks 36–38; the lanugo has mostly disappeared and is replaced with thicker hair on
the head. The fetus now looks completely like a baby, and in a healthy fetus, all of the organ systems
are now properly functioning.
pic of fully developed fetus
Motor Sensory Development
Narrator- The Motor development of a fetus occurs during weeks six through ten, in which the fetus
can begin to move its limbs and mouth. The fetus is also able to interact with the umbilical cord
using its hands.
Sensory development begins at 8 weeks and progresses rapidly. Touch is the first sense that is
developed, followed by taste at 14 weeks. The ear is fully developed at 24 weeks, although the fetus
can respond and react to sound by 16 weeks. The eyes finally open at 26 weeks, and the ability to
focus and track horizontally and vertically is developed toward the end of the pregnancy, at 31-32
weeks.
vid of fetus in the womb
Cognitive Development
Narrator- During week 4, the forebrain, middle brain,
hind brain, and the optical stalk begin to develop. In
week 6, the brain hemispheres start to form, and
brain waves begin. By week 8, the hindbrain
develops, and is now able to control the heart rate,
breathing, and muscle movement. In week 9, the
nervous system is ready for functioning and by week
10, the brain develops close to 250,000 neurons per
minute. By week 15, the spinal nerves stretch out
from the defined spinal cord and by week 19, the
brain can form motor neurons, which allow the body
to produce movement voluntarily. By the end of
week 26, the brain is no longer smooth. The surface
area increases by forming folds.
pic of fetal brain shown as narrator speaks
Maternal Physiological Stages
during Pregnancy
narrator: The mother’s moods and behaviors depend on which trimester of the pregnancy she is in.
During the first trimester, the mother has mixed feelings about the pregnancy, and she will often
question herself and wonder whether or not she’ll be a good mother and be able to take care of her
child well. In addition to constantly questioning themselves, they also start becoming concerned about
their financial situation, and wonder whether or not they will have enough money to raise a child. They
also begin to question their current lifestyle and wonder if a child should live in a different type of
environment. Because of all these body changes, during this stage, their sexual desire is decreased.
vid of Ivan newly pregnant as narrator speaks
Maternal Physiological Stages
during Pregnancy
narrator: During the Second Trimester, the mother experiences major mood swings. The mother has
accepted the fact that there is a fetus growing inside of her, and she begins to concentrate on her own
needs rather others around her. Because of a decrease in mental changes and more of an adjustment
to what is happening to her body, she has an increased sexual desire.
vid of Ivan adjusted to pregnancy as narrator speaks
Maternal Physiological Stages
during Pregnancy
narrator: During the Third Trimester, the mother becomes insecure about her body image, and is also
concerned for the future of the baby. The same thoughts from the First Trimester return, and is more
prominent because the baby is so close to being born. She will also be concerned about delivering the
baby, especially if it is her first child, and she’ll wonder how painful it will be for her. She is often
frustrated because of all the limitations her body puts on her. Her sexual desire is severely decreased
because of all these thoughts.
vid of Ivan becoming anxious again as narrator speaks
Milestones for the mother during
pregnancy
narrator: During the first trimester, the mother’s breasts become bigger, softer, areola enlarge, and
lumps called Montgomery’s tubercles appear. These are all in preparation for breastfeeding once
the baby arrives. The mother also experiences nausea and vomiting during this trimester and is
often fatigued. Urination occurs more often than usual because of the pressure from the uterus on
the bladder.
vid of ivan undergoing physical developments as narrator speaks
Milestones for the Mother during
Pregnancy
narrator: During the second trimester, urination becomes normal because of less pressure on the
bladder and the breasts now secrete colostrum, which is the first milk produced during pregnancy. The
back and leg of the mother will be in pain due to the extra weight she is carrying. Swelling of the
ankles, legs, feet, and varicose veins also may occur.
vid of Ivan undergoing physical developments speaks
Milestones for the Mother during
Pregnancy
narrator: During the third trimester, the mother experiences painless, irregular contractions, which are
known as Braxton Hicks contractions. They also experience heartburn, shortness of breath,
hemorrhoids, and difficulty sleeping. By the end of the pregnancy, their breathing improves as the
uterus settles down into the pelvis.
vid of Ivan in final stage of pregnancy as narrator speaks
Fetal Health Risks
narrator: There are many problems during the prenatal development that could cause problems to
the fetus. The fetus can have slow growth or undeveloped organs. The fetus could also be born
several weeks before the due date, resulting in a premature birth, which causes the baby to have
several health problems later on in life. In addition, a fetus can be affected if the mother drinks or
smokes while pregnant. Drinking while pregnant can cause the baby to have birth defects such as
slow childhood development, facial deformities, or mental retardation. Smoking while pregnant can
cause decreased oxygen intake for the fetus, increased chance of miscarriage, and increases
chance of respiratory problems in the fetus.
vid of ivan avoiding alcohol and smoking as narrator speaks
Psychological Care Considerations
narrator: To mentally prepare a woman who is pregnant, caregivers should
first emphasize to the mother to take care of herself and baby. Next, explain
to the mother about pregnancy, and how the baby will be delivered. Then,ask
the mother about her nutrition and diet, and make sure she is having
balanced meals. Encourage the mother to discontinue harmful habits such as
alcohol use, smoking, and illicit drug use.
vid of Ivan walking into doc’s clinic, talking to doc, and walking out as narrator
speaks
Nutritional Considerations
narrator: The diet of a mother who is pregnant varies greatly, but a good
nutritional diet is linked to a higher chance of a normal birth-weight, improving
fetal brain development, and reducing the risk of many birth defects. A wellbalanced diet includes protein, vitamin C, calcium, fruits and vegetables, whole
grains, iron-rich foods, and adequate fat. In addition to increasing the chances
of having a healthy baby, a nutritional diet also reduces the risks of pregnancy
complications such as anemia, morning sickness, and fatigue. A pregnant
woman should avoid eating unpasteurized milk, cheese, juice, undercooked
meat, poultry, and seafood to protect the baby from bacterial or parasitic
infections.
vid of Ivan in grocery picking proper items, cooking, and eating properly
Immunizations Recommended
during Pregnancy
narrator: The fetus is able to receive many antibodies from the mother through
the placenta. This process is known as passive immunization. Passive
immunization protects the body even after birth. This is beneficial for the fetus
and newborn because it means that as long as the mother is immune to the
disease, the baby will be too. A few examples of passive immunizations include
hepatitis B, tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis.
vid of Ivan in doc’s clinic and taking vaccinations
Conclusion
narrator: Prenatal development at first seems short and small to the average
person, but in reality, it is one of the most important stages of life. It sets the
stage for a soon to be infant, child, teenager, and adult. There is still a long way
to go. Life is like a book,and chapter one ends here. What next is in store? All
you have to do is turn the page.
vid of Ivan having contractions, heading to hospital, and giving birth to doll