Transcript Spiritual and Ethical Fitness - Uniformed Services University of the

Spiritual and Ethical Fitness
Defining Total Fitness for the 21st Century Conference
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
December 2009
Growing evidence base in spirituality in health
Number of MEDLINE-indexed articles by year, with
TITLES using the terms Religio* or Spirit*
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The role of chaplains
• Spirituality and health research lacks
studies of the role of chaplains
• Spiritual fitness practice MUST work with
and through the line and chaplains
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Definition of spiritual and ethical fitness
• A state in which one feels connected
beyond oneself both horizontally and
vertically, and which motivates one in life
and enhances strength and resilience in
all total fitness domains
• Individual and unit characteristics include:
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Meaning
Purpose
Values
Self-worth
Dignity
Hope
• Promotes healthy
relationships, responsible
living and the ability to
respond effectively to
stress and hardship (AFPD52-1, 2006)
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Theoretical Model
Environmental resources
• Policy
• Leadership
• Units
• Families &
Community
• Education &
Training
• Programs &
Services
Personal
resources
• Selfawareness
and
adaptability
• Beliefs and
perceptions
about
importance of
life and
experiences
• Accepting and
valuing
diversity
• Practicing
virtuous
behaviors
Key Mediators
• Spirituallyethically-driven
engagement
• SelfTranscendence
• Religious and
spiritual
practices
Targeted
Outcomes
• Individual & Unit
Fitness
• Citizenship
behaviors
(service, peerto-peer
support)
• Moral
disengagement
• Resilience
• Post-traumatic
growth
• Inner conflict
and moral
injury
Operational
demands
• Small force
• High
operational
tempo
• Repeated
deployments
• Harsh
conditions
• High physical
and cognitive
demands
• Protracted
conflicts
Based in part on Conservation of resources theory. Ref: Hobfoll et al. “Fact
or Artifact: The Relationship of Hope to a Caravan of Resources”
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Execution: Modifying external resources can
enhance mission-related outcomes via mediators
Environmental
resources
Policy
Personal
resources
Warrior
culture and Selfawareness
ethos
and
adaptability
Spirituality
and religion
Units
Accepting
and valuing
Ethics diversity
Key Mediators
Spirituallyethicallydriven
engagement
Individual&
Individual
andFitness
unit
Unit
SelfSelfTranscendence
transcendence
Organizational
Citizenship
citizenship
behaviors
behaviors
training
Leadership
Leadership
Practicing
Leadershipvirtuous
behaviorsbehaviors
Outcomes
Religious and
spiritual
Sense ofpractices
fitness
Moral
Unit
disengagecohesion
ment
purpose
Families &
Community
Education &
Training
Programs &
Services
Beliefs and
Beliefs/
perceptions
about
importance
perceptions
of life and
experiences
Sense of
belonging
Trust within
unit
Note:
For efficiency, we are
highlighting this path of
action for just one of
several mediators
Confidence
in leaders
Faith
Resilience
Self-transcendence: Ability to move
outside oneself and place an
allegiance with GodPostor higher calling
traumatic
including to one’s Service branch
growth
Inner conflict
and moral
injury
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Definitions of other mediators
 Spiritually and ethically-driven engagement:
 Positive and fulfilling state of mind that is characterized by vigor,
dedication to spiritual or ethical principles, and absorption
 Definition adapted from Schaufeli et al., 2002
 Religious and spiritual practices:
 Practices, which can be outward or inward, that allow one to
connect to something beyond oneself
 Examples include symbolic and contemplative practices
 Reference: Bandura, 2009
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Table of outcomes, variables, and metrics
Outcome Variable(s)
Possible Metrics
Individual and unit fitness•Unit cohesion
•citizenship behaviors
•Appreciating diversity/differences
Productivity and performance
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



Via MHAT or metric TBD (e.g., McClure et al, Military Family Institute)
Prevalence of unit disciplinary problems
Qualitative methods- e.g., Inspections, focus groups, surveys
HEXACO Personality Inventory– agreeableness subscale
Interpersonal Support Evaluation List
Health and Work Performance Questionnaire
Effective coping

Coping Style Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale
Retention

Trends in early separation and re-enlistment rates
General Health Status

Veterans SF-36, Post-Deployment Readjustment Inventory (PDRI)
Perceived Stress
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Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
Resilience

Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory
Ineffective coping, manifest as
Substance abuse
anxiety / depression
depression
Compassion fatigue
Post Traumatic Stress
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
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PDHA, PDHRA
Alcohol Disorders and Use Identification Test
Patient Health Questionnaire
PHQ-9,
Professional Quality of Life -- Compassion Satisfaction and Fatigue Subscales
Dimensions of Self-Concept Form W (DOSC-W)-- Job Stress sub-scale
PTSD Checklist – Military Version (PCL-M)
Burnout

Shirom- Melamed Burnout measure
Moral Injury and Trauma
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EEQ subscales of experiences of ego loss, psychopathological experiences
Sense of Coherence Questionnaire;
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Bottom line for the Line
Provide ethical
understanding and
guidance in all levels of
operational functioning
including training
(Spiritually and ethicallydriven engagement)
Model and encourage
citizenship behaviors,
volunteerism, and
community service
(Self-Transcendence)
Accommodate individual
and unit worship and
spiritual opportunities
(Religious and spiritual
practices)
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• Questions?
•
Note: non-animated version of slide 3 follows
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Execution: Modifying external resources can
enhance mission-related outcomes via mediators
Environmental
resources
Policy
Units
Leadership
Leadership
Personal
resources
Warrior
culture and
ethos
Selfawareness
and
adaptability
Spirituality
and religion
Accepting
and valuing
diversity
Ethics
training
Leadership
behaviors
Families &
Community
Education &
Training
Programs &
Services
Key Mediators
Spirituallyethicallydriven
engagement
SelfSelfTranscendence
transcendence
Religious and
spiritual practices
Practicing
virtuous
behaviors
Beliefs and
Beliefs/
perceptions
about
importance
perceptions
of life and
experiences
Note:
For efficiency, we are
highlighting this path of
action for just one of
several mediators
Sense of
purpose
Sense of
belonging
Trust within
unit
Confidence
in leaders
Selftranscendence:
Ability to move
outside oneself
and place an
allegiance with
God or higher
calling including
to one’s Service
branch
Outcomes
Individual
Individual
&
and
unit
Unit
Fitness
fitness
Organizational
Citizenship
citizenship
behaviors
behaviors
Moral
Unit
disengagecohesion
ment
Resilience
and recovery
Inner conflict
and moral
injury
Faith
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