Transcript Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

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Technology in Action
Technology in Focus:
Information Technology Ethics
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Ethics Defined
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Study of morals and moral choices
Match established ideas of right and wrong
Fairness
Equity
Guidelines for decision making
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Ethics Defined (cont.)
• Systems of ethical conduct
– Relativism
– Situational ethics
– Religious traditions
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Ethics Defined (cont.)
• Societal ethics
– A general set of unwritten guidelines
• Rule utilitarianism
– Espouses establishing moral guidelines
through rules (moral code)
• Unethical behavior
– Not conforming to a set of approved standards
of social or professional behavior
– Not necessarily illegal
– Not all illegal behavior is unethical
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Ethics Defined (cont.)
• Amoral behavior
– No sense of right and wrong
– No interest in the moral consequences of
actions
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Personal Ethics
• Checklist of personal decisions
• Can be well defined
• Can be applied inconsistently
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Personal Ethics (cont.)
• How do personal ethics
develop?
– Family and cultural bias
– Religious affiliation
– Life experiences
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Define Your Personal Ethics
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Describe yourself
List your beliefs
Identify external influences
Consider “why”
Prepare a statement of values
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Personal Ethics
• Benefits of ethical living
– Obeying laws
– Less stress and anger
– Increased happiness
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Personal Ethics and Your
Worldview
• Do your ethics match those of your
workplace?
– Whistle-blowers
• Turn businesses in to regulatory agencies for
committing illegal acts
• Also can expose unethical (but still legal) acts by
their employers by exposing unethical behavior
through various media outlets
• Are your ethics away from work a concern
for your employer?
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Technology and Ethics
• Technology is all around
us
• Technology moves
quickly
• Rules governing
technology move more
slowly
• Use of technology is left
up to personal ethics
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Using Computers to Support
Ethical Conduct
• Charitable organizations use the Internet
for fund-raising
• Companies must provide mechanisms to
report unethical behavior anonymously
• Intranets and e-mail are used to inform
employees of ethics policies
• Your personal ethics must guide your
decisions concerning technology
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Social Justice: Whistle-Blowing
with Web 2.0
• Are there things the public does not have
a right to see?
• What access should corporate whistleblowers have to distributing materials?
– Web 2.0
– Wikileaks
• Does society have a responsibility to use
technology to help achieve social justice?
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Intellectual Property:
International Pirates
• Copyright laws protect intellectual property
• Challenges in enforcing these standards in
other countries
• In 2009, 79 percent of China’s computers
ran on pirated software
• U.S. lawmakers identified five countries not
doing enough to prevent piracy: Canada,
China, Mexico, Russia, and Spain
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Privacy: Does Social Media
Erode Personal Privacy?
• Privacy is a basic human right
• Social media sites are
inherently about sharing
information with others
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E-Commerce: Geolocation:
Marketing Tool or Invasion of Privacy?
• Where are you?
• Geolocation: The technology that helps
answer the question
• Does the “fun” and “convenience” of
tweets and check-ins cause loss of some
of your privacy?
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Electronic Communication:
Does Free Speech Have a Price?
• 2006: Google launches self-censored
search engine services in China
• 2010: Google, no longer willing to
censor results, moves site to Hong Kong
• Microsoft search engine Bing stays in
China
• Global Network Initiative
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Computer Abuse: Cyberbullying:
Who Should Protect Children from
Each Other?
• Cyberbullying
• Types
– Bombarding victims with harassing IMs or
texts
– Stealing a password and using the victim’s
account to embarrass the victim
– Spreading rumors or lies on social networking
sites
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Computer Abuse: Cyberbullying:
Who Should Protect Children from
Each Other? (cont.)
• Types (cont.)
– Posting embarrassing photos or videos on
the Web
– Infecting the victim’s computer with malware
• Hard to detect
• Prevention
• No federal law prohibiting cyberbullying;
sixteen states have laws
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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall
Technology in Focus
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