Transcript 22 Moral Philosophy MJP56022

Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
“Our greatest glory
is not in never
falling, but in
getting up every
time we do.”
Confucius
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
Our Learning…
• Recap Learning
• Learn about Kant’s equations –
two formulations of the
Categorical Imperative.
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
Recap Learning
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
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FOR KANT…
We have freedom – therefore we
need to be moral.
Morality can’t be subjective
Reason (intellect) is the ultimate
judge / authority.
Goodwill is the only intrinsically good
thing.
Duty is King for Kant.
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
Kant says that every time we come up against a
moral dilemma, we should shorten that moral
dilemma to produce a MAXIM – which is a proposed
rule of action we can deduce from the dilemma….
E.G. A nasty big bully has just punched me on the
nose. I want to punch him back, so I will.
MAXIM – Use force on someone if they have used
force on you… or …. Revenge is ok.
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
An Imperative is
a command.
A
categorical
imperative is what
Kant used to test
maxims.
If the
maxim passes, it is
our duty to act.
A hypothetical
imperative
contains an ‘if’.
A moral imperative
is a moral command
which is conditional
upon nothing else.
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
If you had studied economics, you will
have learned that, when making
anything, you have the following
diagram….
INPUT
PROCESS
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OUTPUT
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
Well – we kind of have to do the same
kind of diagram to understand Kants
Categorical Imperative…
INPUT
PROCESS
OUTPUT
MAXIM
CATEGORICAL
IMPERATIVES
WHETHER KANT
THINKS WE MUST
ACT OR NOT ACT
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
Pages 25 – 27 of the Notes
Page 28 Exercise
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
FIRST FORMULATION
THE
LAW
“ ActUNIVERSAL
only on the maxim
through which you
can,
at
the
same
time,
UNIVERSALISABILITY
will that it be a
universal law”
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
“
Act
only
on
the
TREAT PEOPLE AS YOU
maxim through
WOULD
LIKE
THEM
TO
which you can, at
TREAT
YOU will
the
same time,
that it beRULE
a
THE GOLDEN
universal law”
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
You need to learn
these definitions
off by heart…
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
KANT
BACKGROUND &
DEFINITIONS TEST
ON MONDAY
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Moral Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
Our Learning…
• Recap Learning
• Learn about Kant’s equations –
two formulations of the
Categorical Imperative.
MJP56022
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