Transcript Developmental Theory

Educational Psychology
A Practitioner-Research Model of Teaching
A PowerPoint Presentation
by
Jo Alexander and Averil Loague
Developmental Theory:
Moral & Psycho-Social Development
Chapter Three
Piaget’s Theory of Moral Development –
two stage model:
• External Morality or Moral Realism: Stage in
which children tend to view rules as inflexible and not
open to negotiation
• Autonomous Reality or Morality of Cooperation:
Stage in which a child begins to perceive rules as
more flexible and subject to renegotiation
© 2001 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Developmental Theory:
Moral & Psycho-Social Development
Chapter Three
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development:
• Preconventional (4 to 10 years): Level of moral
reasoning characterized by a focus on the consequence
experienced by the person as a result of his/her actions
• Conventional (10 to 13 years): Level of moral reasoning
reflecting internalized rules and societal conventions
• Postconventional (13 years and older): Level of moral
reasoning where individuals move beyond the issues of
pleasing or following concrete rules and begin to focus on
the principles which underlie these rules
© 2001 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Developmental Theory:
Moral & Psycho-Social Development
Chapter Three
Gilligan’s Model
• Moral decisions of females based on an ethics of caring
• Movement from self-interest to focus on specific
individuals and relationships
• Highest level of morality based on the principles of
responsibility and care for all people
© 2001 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Developmental Theory:
Moral & Psycho-Social Development
Chapter Three
Psychosocial Development - Erickson
Principles
• Critical periods of psychosocial development
• Stages present specific ‘crisis’
• Development in accordance with one’s ability to
interact with environment to resolve crisis
© 2001 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Developmental Theory:
Moral & Psycho-Social Development
Chapter Three
Psychosocial Development - Erickson
Stages
• Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (Birth to One Year).
• Stage 2 : Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Ages One to
Three).
• Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (Ages Four to Five).
• Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (Ages Six to Eleven).
© 2001 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Developmental Theory:
Moral & Psycho-Social Development
Chapter Three
Psychosocial Development - Erickson
Stages Continued
• Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion (Ages Twelve to
Eighteen).
• Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation (Ages Eighteen to
Thirty-Five).
• Stage 7: Generativity vs. Stagnation (Thirty-five to
Sixty-five).
• Stage 8: Integrity vs. Despair (Over Sixty-five).
© 2001 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Developmental Theory:
Moral & Psycho-Social Development
Chapter Three
Contemporary Psychosocial Issues
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Teen pregnancy
Eating disorders
AIDS
Child abuse
Divorce
Suicide
© 2001 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED