Transcript Chapter Nine: Welfare and Social Justice

Chapter Nine:
Globalization and Social Justice
Review
Applying Ethics: A Text with Readings (10th ed.)
Julie C. Van Camp, Jeffrey Olen, Vincent Barry
Cengage Learning/Wadsworth
What is Globalization?
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Rapid development of technology, trade, and
culture that has brought nations together
physically and symbolically
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Interdependence of national economics
Improvements in high-speed transportation and communication
“Americanization” of popular culture around the world
What ethical obligations do we have to people in
our own country and others?
What is the impact of technology and rapid
change on our social an political structures?
Distributive Justice
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What is an entitlement conception of
Justice?
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We are entitled to keep what we earn rightfully
John Locke
Robert Nozick
What is a conception of justice as
fairness?
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Distribution of wealth to promote social justice
John Rawls
Equality, Need, and Merit
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What is the Equality Principle?
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What is the Principle of Need?
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Everyone ought to end up with an equal share of the
wealth
Everyone has an equal right to have economic needs
satisfied
What is the Principle of Merit
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Distributing wealth based on who works hardest
Libertarianism, Welfare Liberalism,
Socialism, and Communism
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What is Libertarianism?
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What is Welfare liberalism (welfare capitalism)?
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Rawls: Supports capitalism, but also supports transfer payments
to rectify economic injustices of capitalism
What is Socialism?
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Nozick: all coercion is wrong, including transfer payments
mandated by government
Recognition of shared responsibilities provided through the tax
system (education, health care, housing)
What is Communism?
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Government ownership of means of production
“What We Owe to the Global Poor”
Mathias Risse
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What makes countries rich or poor?
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Geography
Integration of markets
Institutions
What obligations do wealthier nations
have to extremely poor nations?
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to develop governmental, legal, and cultural
institutions which enable them to help themselves
But no further obligations
“Sweatshops and Respect for Persons”
Denis G. Arnold and Norman E. Bowioe
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How is Kant’s doctrine of respect for persons used
for analyzing ethical issues in sweatshops around the
globe?
What are the duties of multinational
corporations?
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Respect for the law
Avoidance of coercion
Ensure safe working conditions
Adequate wages
Are multinational corporations responsible for the
ethical practices of their subcontractors and supplies?
“Illegal Immigrants, Health Care,
and Social Responsibility”
James F. Dwyer
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How should we analyze health care for
illegal immigrants?
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What do nationalists believe?
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In terms of social justice and social responsibility
People who have no right to be in a country should
not have rights to benefits
What do humanists believe?
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All people have a basic human right to health care
regardless of where they are
“Female Genital Circumcision and
Conventionalist Ethical Relativism”
Loretta M. Kopelman
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Should rites of female genital mutilation be
tolerated, even with cultural approval in some
communities?
What do ethical relativists believe?
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They reject the possibility of judging other cultures with moral
force
What practices do we know enough to condemn?
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Female mutilation, war, pollution, oppression, injustice,
aggression