Transcript Chapter 5

Chapter 5
Values and Ethics
Ethics
Standards of conduct that indicate how one
should behave based on moral duties and
virtues arising from principles about right and
wrong
Values
Core beliefs or desires that
guide or motivate attitudes
and actions
•Terminal Values: desirable end states
•Personal: comfortable life, freedom,
happiness…
•Social: world peace, equality…
•Instrumental Values: means to achieve
terminal values
•Moral: cheerful, courageous, honest
interpersonal focusguilt if violated
•Competence: ambitious, capable
responsible/personal focusashamed
Money, fame, status, happiness,
being liked
Ethical vs Unethical?
Trustworthiness, respect, responsibility,
justice and fairness, caring, civic virtue,
and citizenship
Moral Development
•Level OneSelf-Centered (Preconventional)
Stage One: Obedience and Punishment Orientation
Stage Two: Instrumental Purpose and Exchange
•Level TwoConformity (Conventional)
Stage Three: Interpersonal, Conformity, Mutual Expectation
Stage Four: Social Accord and System Maintenance
•Level ThreePrincipled (Postconventional)
Stage Five: Social Contract, Individual Rights
Stage Six: Universal Ethical Principles
Justice
Utilitarian
Caring
Rights & Duties
Environmentalism
•Utilitarian: greatest good for the
greatest number
•Rights & Duties: right to privacy,
free speech…
•Justice: fairness, equity, impartiality
•Caring: who will be harmed?
•Environmentalism: concern for land