Transcript Document

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HU 300
MORALITY
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Moral Theories
Ethical Egoism – Based on A descriptive theory of
psychological egoism.
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Psychology Egoism- Everyone has an innate desire to take care
of their own interests
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Ethical Egoism - (universal) Everyone should peruse their own
interests exclusive
Altruism – Based on a descriptive theory of Altruism
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Ethical Altruism – (Universal) Individuals have an innate concern
for others.
Utilitarianism –The greatest good for the greatest number.
Consequentialist.
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Moral Theories
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Moral Absolutism—the belief or theory that there are
absolute standards against which moral questions can be
judged—suggests that morals are not determined by societal
or situational influences
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Morals are inherent in the laws of the universe, the nature of
humanity, or some other fundamental source
Moral Relativism—The view that ethical standards,
morality, and positions of right or wrong are culturally based,
and therefore, subject to a person's individual choice.
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Ethical Subjectivism --holds that morality is relative to
individuals.
Cultural relativism--holds that morality is relative to culture.
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Right Here Right Now
Someplace Else Some Other Time
+ RING OF GYGES: If you had a
ring that would make you
INVISIBLE, what would you do?
Plato’s Republic
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RING OF GYGES
 Glaucon
says that
many people do
whatever they can
get away with while
maintaining their
reputation. What do
you think about his
conclusion?
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RING OF GYGES
 Does
our
assessment of
what is “right” or
“wrong” depend
on the
consequences?
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Immanuel Kant
 Kantian
philosophy
espouses that humans
are born with an inner
morality—a
conscience that acts
as a compass,
pointing us toward
right and away from
wrong.
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The Source?
 Do
you agree that
we are born with a
sense of morality,
or do you believe
morality is
something that is
taught?