Transcript Quick Quiz

Ethical Theories
For a utilitarian, actions are right as they:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Produce the best consequences
Produce the most consequences
Tend to produce the best consequences
Tend to limit the most harm
Follow the correct rules of morality
Bentham uses his Hedonic Calculus to:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Measure how many hedons are present in
pleasure.
Establish the relative values of different
pleasures.
Help us reach our personal goals.
Justify the mathematical nature of morality.
Complicate the simplicity of ordinary
ethics.
Utilitarianism is a demanding theory because
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
it is difficult to calculate what to do.
no one can figure out how to cause pleasure.
there will be conflicts between our duties
and our interests.
Bentham and Mill were bossy people.
self-improvement is its first goal.
For Kant, the only thing good unconditionally is
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
pleasure
courage
virtue
a good will
a good time
For Kant, an action has moral worth only if it is
done
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
in accordance with duty
from a sense of duty
with a measure of good will
through a motive of love
to cause the most pleasure possible
The contradictions in Kant’s ethics
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
have plagued Kant scholars for decades
are strange, but since he rejects reason, they
are not problematic
yield perfect and imperfect duties
make his theory unacceptable until they are
resolved
a and d
Aristotle uses the distinction between intrinsic
and instrumental goods to find
d)
a way to combat militarism is ancient
Greece.
the best or highest good for humans.
who is a friend and who is an enemy.
inner peace while maintaining the military.
e)
honor without economic failure.
a)
b)
c)
We seek happiness, according to Aristotle, only
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
as a means to goodness.
as a means to a virtue-filled life.
as an end, meaning, as a way to escape
reincarnation.
for the afterlife, never as an end in this life.
for its own sake, and never as a means to
something else.
Aristotle reasons that “the good of an eye is
seeing, and the eye is good if it sees well.” The
point he is making is that, by analogy,
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
we can all see how nature makes things good.
a good human will see, and see well.
a good human will reason, and reason well.
a good human will always use the power of sight
for a good cause.
we can test a moral theory only by its unique
function.
Rational animal is a better definition of humans
than featherless biped because
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
‘Featherless biped’ is a mere biological definition
Rationality is better than Featherlessness
Animality is better than bipedalism
It tells you more about what is important to know
about humans
It’s not; featherless biped is better (most unique)
Aristotle’s view of happiness is weird because
he thinks it …
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
depends on friendship
is an activity, not a condition
belongs to adults, not children
is mysterious to happy people
cannot last
For Aristotle, being moral is …
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
more important than being happy
only important if you value it
only important as a means to happiness
part of happiness, but not the most
important part
part of happiness, and the most important
part
Which of these virtues is most important?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Temperance
Courage
Prudence
Generosity
Wit
Moral virtues are:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Multi-track dispositions
Established by nature
Habits learned in childhood
Never lost once established
Difficult to retain
If you tried to return that Bee Gees CD to your
sister on time, but failed because “it’s just
soooo good!”, you are
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Continent
Incontinent
Vicious
Virtuous
Malicious
Moral virtue is better than intellectual virtue
because
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
It is more god-like
It depends less on “things”
Its pleasure is more constant
It isn’t better; it is too stressful and so
involves hardship
It isn’t better; it depends on others and so
isn’t self-sufficient
Hobbes thinks that we humans are reducible
to:
a) Our moral and spiritual identities.
b) Our fear of death and hope of eternal life.
c) Our passions as they conflict with reason.
d) Our brains and their deterministic
operations.
e) Our private thoughts and their meaning for
us.
Hobbes thinks the Right of Nature allows us to:
a) Kill whenever we feel we have good reason.
b) Kill whenever the government permits it.
c) Kill whenever necessary to save our family.
d) Kill whenever necessary to save our life.
e) Kill whenever necessary to defend the
commonwealth.
We should follow the Laws of Nature, according
to Hobbes, so that we:
a) Are good people.
b) Are moral people.
c) Avoid the condition of war.
d) Avoid the state of nature.
e) Avoid prosecution for crimes.
Why does the state of nature mean there is no
justice or injustice?
a) Because those things are unnatural.
b) Because those things are legal concepts.
c) Because ‘All’s fair in love and war’.
d) Because there is no language in nature.
e) It doesn’t mean that; justice and injustice
exist in the state of nature.
Hobbes thinks American Indians are good
examples of:
a) Societies that get along without a
sovereign.
b) Societies that show how religion can
function as a sovereign.
c) Humans in the state of nature where life is
nasty, brutish, and short.
d) Humans in the state of nature who
overcome brutishness using religion.