Transcript Gymnosperm vs Angiosperm

Gymnosperm vs
Angiosperm
Flowers, Fruits and Seeds too
Seed Plants
Seed plants are plants that produce seeds
in order to reproduce.
 Two types of seed plants exist today:


Gymnosperms



“gymno” – meaning “naked”
“sperm” – meaning “seed”
Angiosperms


“angio” – meaning “vessel”
“sperm” – meaning “seed”
Gymnosperm Characteristics
Oldest of seed plants
 Used to be most abundant type of plant
on the planet, now only four groups exist:






Cycads
Conifers
Ginkgoes
Gnetophytes
Have needle-like or scale-like leaves
Gymnosperm Examples

Cycads


Live mainly in tropic
regions
Look like a palm tree
but produce a cone
 Cycad Cone
Gymnosperm Examples

Conifers



Cone bearing plants
Have needles for leaves
Most diverse group

Pines
Sequoias
Junipers

Western White Pine


Gymnosperm Examples-Conifers con’t.

Sequoia
Juniper
Gymnosperm Examples

Gnetophyte

Can grow in hot deserts
or in tropical rain
forests
Can live to 1,000 years

Welwitschia

Gymnosperm Reproduction

Most gymnosperms produce cones


Male – makes pollen
Female – contains the ovule


Ovule contains the egg cell which, after fertilization,
becomes a seed
Fertilization – the joining of a sperm and
an egg
Gymnosperm Reproduction
Angiosperm Characteristics
ALL angiosperms produce flowers
 ALL Flowers make a fruit!
 ALL angiosperms have seeds that are
enclosed in fruits (the “vessel”)

Angiosperm Examples

Apple blossom

Wheat
Angiosperm Examples

Lily

Tomato

ANYTHING THAT HAS A FLOWER!
Flower Structure

The flower is the reproductive structure of
an angiosperm.

Sepals – leaf like structures that protect the
developing flower

Petals – generally the most colorful part of the
flower

Color, size, shape and odor attract pollinators
Flower Structure - Petals



Bright blue and violet – bees
Red, pink, fuchsia or purple – Hummingbirds
Yellow, orange, pink and reds - Butterflies
Flower Structure – Stamen

Stamen – the MALE part of the flower, has
two parts:


Anther – Makes pollen
Filament – holds up the anther
Flower Structure - Pistil

Pistil – the FEMALE part of the flower, has
three parts



Stigma – has a sticky surface to catch pollen
Style – tube – like structure the pollen travels
down
Ovary – contains the ovules (eggs) and
becomes the fruit after fertilization

Ovules (eggs) – become the seeds after fertilization
Flower Structure
Fruits
The fruit is a ripened ovary used to
protect the developing seeds, enable the
seeds to be carried to a new location and
nourish the seeds when deposited on the
ground
 If it has a seed, it is a FRUIT (according to
science)
 All Flowers make a Fruit. True story.


Peppers, cucumbers, avocadoes are fruits
Fruits
Seeds

Seeds – ovules that
become fertilized

Carry the genetic
information for a new
plant
Seed Dispersal

Seeds are dispersed or spread in 4 main
ways:



Wind
Water
Animal
 Fur
 Feces

Expulsion
Wind dispersal
Seed Dispersal
Seed dispersal
Just Common Courtesy
Seed Dispersal
Life Cycle of an Angiosperm