Transcript vascular system

PLANTS
A. Why are plants important?
Plants are essential for life on our
planet. They provide all the energy for
the ecosystem, because they can get
energy directly from sunlight.
Humans need plants to breathe, eat,
for clothing, medicine, and housing.
B. What do MOST plants have in
common?
ALL plants have cell walls &
chloroplasts.
Most plants have some form of roots,
stems and leaves.
C. Let’s start at the bottom…
Roots
structures designed
to pull water and
minerals from
whatever material
the plant sits on.
provide support for
plants in the form of
an anchor in
whatever the plant
sits on.
D. Stems
Transport food &
water.
Act as support
structures for the
plant.
Stores food.
Main part of the
vascular system of
the plant.
Picture from http://biology4kids.com/files/plants_main.html
E. Plant Vascular System
Just like your body
has the circulatory
system to transport
food & water to your
cells and waste away
from the cells, plants
have a vascular
system for
transportation.
The main parts are
called the xylem and
phloem.
F. Xylem
System of tubes and transport
cells that circulate water and
dissolved minerals from the
roots up to the rest of the
plant.
Picture From
http://www.mrcorfe.com/KS4/Edexcel/Biology/B23-EnergyFlow/images/Transpiration.jpg
Picture from http://biology4kids.com/files/plants_main.html
Xylem under an
electron
microscope.
Image from
http://www.jic.ac.uk/microscopy/Gallery/data/images1/stem
_zinnia_leaf_xylem.jpg
G. Phloem
Pipes or tubes in the
plant that transports
the sugars and
other molecules
created by the
plant’s leaves go
down to the rest of
the plant .
Picture from http://www.paintthelight.net/BotanyProject/Activities/adaption_plants.htm
H. Finally…we made it to the leaves.
Uses a process
known as
photosynthesis
which uses light to
turn carbon dioxide
and water into
sugar.
I. TYPES OF PLANTS:
VASCULAR: Have tubelike structures and carry
water, nutrients and other substances
throughout the plant. (EX: sunflower, Douglas
fir, Apple tree)
NONVASCULAR: Do not have these tubelike
structures and use other ways to move water
and substances. (EX: moss, hornwort, liverwort)
<http://techalive.mtu.edu/meec/module01/images/transpiration.j
pg>
J. Types of VASCULAR PLANTS:
* Gymnosperm: Vascular plants that
produce seeds and are not protected by fruit.
Gymnosperms are broken down in to 4
divisions: conifers, cycads, ginkoes,
gnetophytes (EX: Pines and Redwoods)
* Angiosperm: Vascular plants that flower
and have a fruit that contains one or more
seeds. There are 2 types of angiosperms:
monocots and dicots. (EX: the flowers and fruit
of a peach tree)
K. Monocots and Dicots
** A cotyledon is part of a seed often used
for food storage.
Monocots: Prefix
Dicots: Prefix DI
MONO means 1.
means 2. Dicots
Monocots have 1
have 2 cotyledons
cotyledon inside
inside their seeds.
their seeds. They
They have flower
have flower parts in
parts in multiples of
multiples of 3. (EX:
4 or 5. (EX: peanuts,
Lilies, corn, and
green beans, and
wheat)
apples.)
MONOCUTS:
DICOTS:
L. Deciduous: Trees or
shrubs that shed their
leaves annually.
(yearly) (EX:
Dogwood, Maple
tree, and Crepe
Myrtle)
M. Coniferous: A tree
that bears cones and
evergreen needlelike
leaves. (EX: Pine tree,
Spruce tree, and Fir
tree)