Transcript Plant Science File

Plant Science
Intro to World of Agriscience
Bell Work
What is the purpose of a Leaf?
Terms
Flower- Reproductive part of the plant.
Leaf- Part of plant that manufactures food
through photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis- process of changing light
energy into chemical energy; input of
carbon dioxide and water in presence of
sunlight to produce glucose, water, and
oxygen.
Terms, Cont.
Respiration- process that breaks down sugars to
produce energy
Root- vegetative part of plant that grows
underground and is used as an anchor and for
absorption of water, nutrients, and gases.
Stem- vegetative part of plant that supports leaves,
buds, and other organs.
Transpiration- loss of water vapor from a plant.
Plant Classifications
Plants are classified several different ways:
Binomial nomenclature- system of scientific
naming.
 Plant life cycles- the length of time it takes for a
plant to complete life from germination to
death.
 Seed Leaves- way of grouping plants based on
how the embryo is formed.

Binomial Nomenclature
Developed by Carolus Linnaeus.
Organisms are placed in smaller and smaller
groups with more and more similarities.
The groups from largest to smallest are:
Kingdom
 Phylum
 Class
 Order

- Family
- Genus
- Species
Plant Life Cycles
Annuals- complete entire life cycle in a
single growing season. Would be planted
between March and June and would grow,
reproduce, and die before the first fall frost.
Biennial- completes its life cycle in two
growing seasons. Most biennials grow
during the first season and reproduce during
the second growing season.
Plant Life Cycles
Perennials- require three or more growing
seasons to complete the life cycle.
Perennials may reproduce often during their
life span.
Seed Leaves
Dicots- a plant that has two deed leaves
when it emerges from the soil. Also have
branching veins in the leaves, and very
attractive flowers.
Monocots- a plant that has only one seed
leaf when it emerges from the soil. Veins
are parallel in the leaf and scattered in the
stem. Very plain flowers.
Major Plant Parts
Roots
Stem
Leaf
Reproductive Parts
Bell Work
What are the four major parts of a plant?
Roots
Vegetative part of the
plant that grows
primarily
underground.
Three major functionsanchor plants, absorb
water, store food.
Stem
A vegetative part of
the plant that supports
the leaves, buds,and
other organs.
Transport food, water,
and nutrients in a
plant.
Vary in size from hair
like to tree trunks.
Leaf
Vegetative part of the
plant where raw
materials are changed
into usable plant
foods.
Come in many sizes,
shapes, and colors.
Reproductive Parts
Flower


Beginning part of
reproduction, will
become the fruit and
the seed. Flower is a
sign the plant is mature
and ready to produce.
Four major parts;
sepal, petals, pistil,
stamen.
Reproductive Parts
Fruit


Forms from the
fertilized ovary.
Wall of ovary becomes
fleshy part of fruit.
Reproductive Parts
Seed


Part of the reproductive
structure that becomes
a new plant.
Consist of three major
parts; embryo, food
stores, protective
covering.
How do plants benefit us?
Human food crops- humans can eat many
parts of many plants for nutrition.
Animal Food crops- some plants are fed to
animals, the animals are then grown for
humans to eat.
Fiber crops- some plants can be used to
make clothing, such as cotton.
How do plants benefit us?
Timber, Pulp, and fuel crops- These are
used for building and furniture, wood and
paper, a burnable energy.
Environmental improvements- plants can be
used to make an area more attractive.
Oxygen- A very important function of
plants for humans is the production of
oxygen.
Growing Conditions
Several things are required for good plant
growthWater
 Soil
 Nutrients
 Temperature
 Light
 Pest managements+

Water
Important for plant
growth.
Water is in every plant
cell and tissue.
Carries nutrients and
chemicals through
plants.
Helps plant cool itself.
Soil
Combination of
minerals, humus,
water, air, and living
things.
Helps to anchor plants.
Reservoir for nutrients
and water.
Nutrients
Plants need specific nutrients.
A nutrient is any element that is essential
for plants growth, development, and
reproduction.
Nutrients are classified as organic, major
and minor.
Temperature
The soil and air temperatures are important
to plants.
Varies between different plants.
Most plant growth occurs between 60 and
90 degrees.
Light
Light is necessary for
photosynthesis.
Effects plant blooming
and hormones.
Amount of light
required varies by
plant.
Pest Management
Pests are unwanted
organisms.
Can be controlled by



Mechanical controls
Cultural controls
Biological controls
Chemical controls
Plant Science Industries
Agronomy
Horticulture
Forestry
Bell Work
What are the three industries involved with
plants, list and explain them.
Agronomy
Focuses on the production of crops in fields,
such as grains, forage, and fiber crops.
Soil scientist work in this category.
Careers in this field include: crop producers,
chemical sales, extension specialists, grain
elevator operators, and crop researchers.
Horticulture
Focuses on the production of crops on a
small scale.
Crops in horticulture include fruits,
vegetables, flowers, and decorative plants.
Careers in horticulture include: florists,
greenhouse inspectors, small fruit
producers, golf course managers.
Forestry
Management of wooded areas for wood and
pulp production.
Work with preexisting resources and try to
improve what is there.
Careers include: park rangers, tree farmers,
wildlife mangers, timber cruisers, and
logging equipment operators.