Transcript Plants
Plant Kingdom Characteristics of Plants • Multicellular • Cell Walls • Photosynthesis • Producers in Ecosystems 3 Types of Plants 1. NONVASCULAR • No Internal Tubes • Ex. Moss VASCULAR 2. Seedless Vascular- Internal tubing but lack seeds. Ex-Ferns 3. Seed Vascular- Internal tubing & grow from seeds. Ex. Trees & Flowers Nonvascular-Moss Uses of Moss 1. Landscapers in gardens to hold moisture 2. Shelter for small insects 3. Fuel and Heat Seedless Vascular Plants-Ferns Fiddlehead Vascular Seed Plants • Develop from seeds and contain internal tubes for transporting nutrients and water. Pollination- transfer of male structures (pollen) to female structures (ovary). Ex. Wind, Water, Animals, Sap Seed- protective covering of young plant. • • Fruit- edible part surrounding seeds Vegetable- edible part of plant not containing seeds 2 Types of Seed Plants Gymnosperms • Evergreens Angiosperms • Flowers • Exposed Seeds • Enclosed Seeds Gymnosperms Conifers • Remain Green, Needlelike leaves, Cold Weather Pine Spruce Bonsai Cedar Gymnosperms Redwood/ Sequoia - Used for lumber Ginkgo -Withstands pollution -Used for memory loss Angiosperms • Examples: roses, daisies, lilies, daffodils Roots • Underground structure that collects minerals, water and anchors plants in the soil. Two Types of Roots 1. Taproot- one main large root. Ex. Carrot 2. Fibrous- thin branched rot system. Parts of a Root 1. Root Hairs- increases contact with soil for collecting more water. Stem- holds plant upright and stores food 2 Types of Stems 1. Herbaceous- soft, green 2. Wood- hard, bark Functions of the Stem 1. Xylem- brings water up from roots to leaves (heartwood & sapwood) 2. Phloem- brings sugar down from leaves (inside bark) Annual Rings Annual Rings- each year a tree produces a new xylem. - Older xylem in middle; more current active xylem outer parts - More Rain= Wider rings - Scars= damage to bark Leaves • Collect solar energy and site of photosynthesis. Parts of the Leaf 1. Veins- tube passing water and nutrients 2. Waxy coating 3. Stomata- Openings for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange Other Plants • Water Plants- Water lilies • Climbing- Vines • Desert- Cactus, large root system, conserve water • Eating Plants-