Transcript File

 The population is so big. It is
12
Million! It’s quiet a lot as you know
for an island. By the the years pass
population gets more more so
quickly like crazy.
 The language have quiet a strange
name (Malagasy.) The language
name come from Malaysia. As you
know each place have it’s on
relegation; Muslims, Christian and
even people who is neither Muslims
nor Christian!
 Madagascar is located in the
Indian Ocean. Which is something
anybody must or should know
really. Actually It’s new
information for me.
Madagascar is 587,040
square kilometers. This
includes 5,500 square
kilometers of water. The
land alone is 581,540 sq
km.
 The Malagasy ariary is the official
currency of Madagascar.
 The coins and notes that are
circulated in Madagascar are a
part of both the Madagascar
currencies, the Malagasy Franc as
well as the Malagasy ariary.
 Madagascar gets its current name from Marco Polo, the
fourteenth-century Italian explorer, who described an African
island of untold wealth called Madeigascar in his memoirs. Polo
heard about the island second-hand during his travels in Asia.
Most scholars believe that he described Mogadishu, the port
located in present-day Somalia. Nevertheless, Italian
cartographers attached the name "Madagascar" to the island
during the Renaissance.
 It changed its name to Malagasy fairly recently but later changed
it back.
 The Madagascar climate is hot and sub-
tropical, it is colder in the mountains,
while the south and west regions are
particularly dry. The stunning island is
ringed by golden beaches and palm
trees, and has a diverse interior with
plateaus, volcanoes, forests and natural
reserves.
 Take the ears of a bat and the teeth of a rat, add a long bony
middle finger and huge eyes and you have yourself the ayeaye. This nocturnal lemur lives in the rainforests of
Madagascar and feeds on insect larvae that it finds by
tapping on tree bark with its stick-like middle finger. As it
taps, the aye-aye listens for movement indicative of insects
and gnaws away at the wood when it hears something
appetizing.
Today the aye-aye is highly threatened by habitat loss
(rainforest destruction) and hunting. In some areas, local
people believe the aye-aye brings bad luck and will kill the
animal whenever they encounter it.
 Bamboo lemurs feed on bamboo and are generally
found in the rainforests and cloud forests of
Madagascar (two species are found outside these
areas).
 The black lemur lives in the tropical forests of
northern Madagascar. Black lemurs are notable for the
differences between the sexes. Males are black while
females have reddish-brown fur with a black and white
face. Black lemurs feed on fruit, flowers, and young
leaves.
 Dwarf lemurs are small nocturnal lemurs that feed on
fruit, flowers, young leaves and insects. They are found
throughout Madagascar.
 The indri is the largest living lemur. Black and white in
color, the indri is famous for its eerie wail that sounds
a bit like the song of a humpback whale. The indri
feeds on fruit and leaves in the canopy of the
rainforests of eastern Madagascar. Today the indri is
endangered due to habitat loss.
 Lepilemurs are nocturnal lemurs that are easily
spotted during daylight hours as they rest in tree
hollows. Lepilemurs, which are neither weasel-like nor
sportive, feed on leaves and are quite vocal at night.
 Mouse lemurs are tiny primates found widely in
Madagascar. Nocturnal and feeding on insects, small
vertebrates, fruit, and flowers, mouse lemurs are
known for their chirping vocalizations and frenetic
activity. The pygmy mouse lemur (Microcebus
myoxinus) may be the world's smallest primate.
 The red-fronted brown lemur is widely distributed in
the dry deciduous forests of western Madagascar,
where it feeds on flowers, leaves, seed pods, fruit,
insects, and bark
 The red-ruffed lemur is found in the rainforests of the
Masoala peninsula in northeastern Madagascar. Redruffed lemurs live in groups and practice a form of
communal parenting. Unlike most other lemurs, their
young are not carried by females but left in a nest in
the canopy while adults forage.
 The ring-tailed lemur is the best known of lemurs.
Ringtails live in the dry forests of southern and
western Madagascar where they feed on fruit, flowers,
leaves, and bark. Ring-tailed lemurs are the most
terrestrial of living lemur species and are found in
female-dominated groups consisting of three to 20
animals.
 Sifakas are relatiely large lemurs found throughout
Madagascar. Verreaux's sifaka lives in the dry forests of
western and southern Madagascar, where it feeds on
leaves, fruit, and flowers. Sifakas are quite vocal with a
variety of calls.
Sifakas are sometimes known as "dancing lemurs" for
their mode of locomotion when they cross open
ground: sifakas do not move about on all fours—
instead they sashay on their hind legs while holding
their arms aloft
 The black-and-white ruffed lemur lives in the eastern
rainforests of Madagascar including the island of Nosy
Mangabe. Like the closely related red ruffed lemur of
the Masoala peninsula, black-and-white ruffed lemurs
are highly territorial and practice communal care for
infants, which are kept in nests rather than being
carried on the backs or stomachs of their mothers.
Black-and-white ruffed lemurs are widely hunted over
their range. They also suffer from habitat loss.
 The fossa is a carnivore that is related to a mongoose
and looks like a cross between a puma and a dog.
Fossas are nocturnal creatures that hunt almost any
animal including insects, reptiles, rodents and lemurs.
They also prey on chickens in and around Malagasy
villages and are hunted by local people as vermin.
Fossa are active both in trees and on the ground and
are excellent climbers using their long tails for balance
and retractable claws for climbing straight up and
down tree trunks.
 Flying foxes are bats that feed on fruit.
 The Fanaloka is a carnivore found in the rainforests of
eastern Madagascar.
 The narrow-striped mongoose is a small carnivore
found in western Madagascar.
 Tenrecs are unusual insectivores that have radiated
into ecological niches filled in other lands by
hedgehogs, mice, shrews, opossums, and even otters.
While a few species of tenrec are found in central
Africa, they are most diverse in Madagascar, which has
around 30 species.
 Madagascar has "only" 258 bird species, although 115 of
these are endemic (with 36 endemic genera),
Madagascar has more unique genera than any other
African country.
 Brookesia chameleons are some of the world's smallest
reptiles—one species reaches a maximum length of
just over an inch (30 mm). Also known as stumpedtailed or leaf chameleons, these diminutive creatures
are found in the leaf litter of rainforests and dry
deciduous forests in much of Madagascar.
 Madagascar is home to about half the world's 150 or so
species of chameleons, which are small to mid-size
reptiles that are famous for their ability to dramatically
change colors. Contrary to popular belief, a chameleon
typically does not change colors to match its
surroundings. Instead color is usually used to convey
emotions, defend territories, and communicate with
mates.
 Unlike most geckos, which are nocturnal, Phelsuma
day geckos are diurnal lizards. Day geckos are found in
Madagascar and nearby islands including the
Comoros, Andamans, and Seychelles. They are often
brightly colored and use body positioning and
movement for territorial displays.
Day geckos feed mostly on insects, but also
occasionally on fruit and flower nectar.
 Leaf-tailed or Uroplatus geckos rely on cryptic
coloration as they sleep with their heads downward,
flattened against tree trunks and adjusting their body
coloration to their surroundings. Inactive during the
day, Uroplatus geckos only move when disturbed. They
respond to prodding with an impressive display of a
brightly colored gaping mouth and an erect tail. At
night they hunt insects.
 Crocodilus niloticus, the Nile crocodile, is found in
freshwater habitats in Madagascar. This species was
once widely abundant and greatly feared in the
country but years of hunting for its skins has made it a
threatened species.
Crocodiles are found in the caves of Ankarana special
reserve. National Geographic led an expedition to
learn about this unique behavior.
 Madagascar is home to more than 80 species of
snakes, none of which are overtly dangerous to
humans. The island has no adders, cobras, mambas,
pythons, or vipers—only boas and colubrids.
 Madagascar is thought to have more than 300 species
of frogs, 99 percent of which are endemic. Frogs are
the only amphibians found in Madagascar—there are
no toads, salamanders, or newts.
Mantella are among the most popular of Malagasy
frogs in the pet trade. These strikingly beautiful frogs
fill a similar ecological niche to the poison dart frogs of
South America in that both use bright colors to
advertise their toxic skin secretions to predators.
 The Tomato frog (Dyscophus antongili) can release a
sticky glue-like secretion that protects it against
colubrid snakes, cats, and dogs. The secreted
substance can produce an allergic reaction in humans
as well.
 The Comet Moth (also known as the Madagascan
Moon Moth) is known for its huge tail—up to 8 inches
(20cm) in length.
 Millipedes are common in the forests of Madagascar.
These elongated arthropods have two pairs of legs for
each one of their 20 to 100 or more body segments.
They are herbivorous, eating decaying leaves and other
dead plant matter.
Pill millipedes superficially resemble pill bugs for their
ability to roll into a tight ball when confronted with
danger.
 The adult form of flatid leaf bugs. When young (in
their "nymph" form), these insects resemble lace
decorations.
There are many plants there
as well as orchids!
 Which ocean is Madagascar located in?
 What is the population of Madagascar?
 How big is the Madagascar including the water?
 What is the main two types of currencies?
 What is the main language?
 By who was Madagascar named?
 What is the weather in Madagascar?
 How many lemurs are there?
 E-M-E-L-C-A-O-H
A-F-N-A-K-A-L-O
 Indian Ocean
 12 Million
 587,040
 Malagasy Franc as well as the Malagasy Ariary.
 Malagasy
 Marco Polo
 The Madagascar climate is hot and sub-tropical, it is colder in the
mountains
 10
 Chameleon
Fanakola