Transcript What Are Some Adaptations For Climate?

ADAPTATIONS FOR
DIFFERENT CLIMATES
Animals, plants, and other organisms have
adaptations that help them survive in the
climate where they live.
ADAPTATIONS FOR COLD CLIMATES
What needs do birds
and mammals have
while living in the
arctic?
Use energy from
food to keep their
body temperature
about the same all
the time.
WHAT ARE SOME ADAPTATIONS THIS POLAR BEAR HAS?
A Polar Bear has . . .
1. Small Tail & Ears:
– looses less body heat
– blood flows to the tail &
ears, keeping them
warm
2. Warm Fur:
– waterproof
– acts as an insulator
– blends in to snow and
ice
3. Fat Layer:
– keeps the bear warm
4. Hairy Paws:
– insulates paws
– gives traction
Plants also have
adaptations to
cold climates.
ARCTIC PLANTS HAVE
adaptations that allow them to…
• Carry out
photosynthesis faster
& at lower
temperatures
• Short growing season
• Grow closer to the
ground … WHY?
…TO AVOID WIND
Click to find out more about arctic plants
ARCTIC POPPY
• Petals are shaped to concentrate the
sunlight so seeds mature more quickly
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• Are the ears of an arctic fox larger or
smaller than the ears of a fox that lives in
warmer climates? Explain.
• Name two ways a polar bear’s fur helps it
adapt to the cold climate.
• How do arctic plants protect themselves
from the freezing wind?
Adaptations for Hot, Dry
Climates
WHY DO MOST DESERT ANIMALS
SLEEP DURING THE DAY AND
MOVE AROUND AT NIGHT?
ANIMALS NEED
• water
• to stay cool
SO THEY ADAPT
BY..
• getting water from
food
• staying underground
during the day
KANGAROO RAT
I DON’T DRINK ANY
WATER, SO HOW DO I
STAY HYDRATED?
HOW DO I STAY COOL
DURING THE HEAT OF
THE DAY?
A Roadrunner’s long legs raise its
body above the hot surface,
helping it to stay cooler.
Barrel Cactus
• Stores water . . .
“BULGES”
• Waxy Covering
reduces water loss
• Needlelike spines
don’t let much water
escape
• Shallow, widely
spreading roots
WHY MIGHT I BE
SO TEMPTING
TO DESERT
ANIMALS?
DESERT WILD FLOWERS
• GROW QUICKLY
(have a short life
cycle)
• Seeds sprout after
heavy rain
MESQUITE
GROWS LONG ROOTS THAT REACH
UNDERGROUND AS FAR AS 100 FEET
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• How do kangaroo rats obtain all of their
water?
• How does a roadrunner protect itself from
the heat?
• If you dug up a mesquite plant, how far
down would you need to dig to get all the
roots up?
Adaptations for Seasonal
Changes
Environments with HOT Summers and COLD Winters
Animals & Plants Adapt by…
Storing Nutrients
•
•
•
•
Plants store nutrients in roots
Bees store honey in hives
Squirrels store nuts in the ground
Squirrels and bears build up a layer of
fat…WHY?
–It keeps them warm and provides
energy
How does this ERMINE adapt to the changing
seasons?
Dropping Leaves
to avoid water loss during the winter
• Plants carry out less
photosynthesis
• Leaves stop making chlorophyll
• Green Chlorophyll Disappears
• Leaves Fall to Ground
Why do you think some
flowers “die back” in the
winter?
HOW ARE THESE GEESE ADAPTED TO
SEASONAL CHANGES?
THEY MIGRATE
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• How do some dogs
adapt to the changing
seasons?
• Why does a moth
spin its cocoon in late
fall?
• If you were an animal
that didn’t migrate,
how would you
survive the winter?
How do organisms become
adapted to their
environment?
Lesson 4
How do organisms become
adapted to their environment?
…Variations Occur
http://www.akc.org/breeds/recbreeds/chihua.cfm
How do variations occur?
• Variations (or new traits)
are caused by
MUTATIONS.
• Mutations are changes in
gene
• They can be helpful,
harmful, or have no effect
at all.
Environmental Changes
Story of the Peppered Moth
Play the peppered moth simulation game
The wooly mammoth and gray fox lived together
during the ice age.
WHY DO YOU THINK THE GRAY FOX IS STILL
ALIVE TODAY?
http://school.discovery.com/schooladventures/woollymammoth/steppe6b7.html#
What is a fossil?
• Fossil: Any remains or trace of an
organism that was once alive
click here to see some cool fossils
some more
Why do scientists study fossils?
1. To learn about how the world has
changed
2. To learn how organisms lived long ago
3. To learn how organisms changed and
became adapted to a new environment
Fossils
• Mold:
A hollow space in the rock
with the imprint of its body
• Cast:
Soft sediment moves into the
mold, it can harden into a cast.
mold
click here to view a mold of a T-REX footprint
cast
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• What happened to the light colored peppered
moth population when pollution was high in
England?
• What is the source of variation between
individuals of a species?
• Why might extremely destructive mutations
rarely be passed on to offspring?