Transcript Medicine Wheel / Honeybee Presentation

The SOUTHERN MISS MEDICINE WHEEL GARDEN prior
to Hurricane Katrina
What is a Medicine Wheel?
• The term "medicine wheel" was first applied to
the Big Horn Medicine Wheel which is located
on a ridge of Medicine Mountain in northern
Wyoming's Big Horn Range. It is a circular
arrangement of stones measuring 80 feet across
with 28 rows of stones that radiate from a central
cairn to an encircling stone rim. Placed around
the outside edge of the wheel are five smaller,
stone circles. There is general agreement that it
was built approximately 200 years ago by local
Native Americans, and that its 28 "spokes" may
symbolize the days in a lunar month. To Native
Americans, this remains a sacred, ceremonial
site.
The SOUTHERN MISS MEDICINE WHEEL
GARDEN after Hurricane Katrina
The Southern Miss Medicine Wheel
Garden is divided into four quadrants.
• Each quadrant represents one of four
colors and is separated into five sections.
These sections can be adopted by people
or groups of people who will arrange
plants and various other objects within
their adopted sections in a way that is
meaningful to them.
Cardinal Points
• North – White is the symbol for Earth,
wisdom, and healing. The season is winter.
• South – Black/Purple/Blue is the symbol for
water and emotions. Season is fall.
• East – Yellow is the symbol for air, flight, and
new beginnings. Season is spring.
• West – Red is the symbol for fire, passion,
and fertility. Season is summer.
GOLDEN EAGLES INTERTRIBAL SOCIETY
Medicine Wheel Organic Garden
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Plot #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Direction
East
East
East
East
East
South
South
South
South
South
West
West
West
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14
15
16
17
18
West
West
North
North
North
Name of Plants
Color
Shiny Coneflower (Rudbeckia nititda)
Yellow
Yellow Purslane (Portulaca oleracea
Yellow
Moonbeam Coreopsis (Coreopsis verticiallata Yellow
Shiny Coneflower (Rudbeckia nititda)
Yellow
Gloriosa Daisy (Rudbeckia hirta
Yellow
Coleus
Black/Purple/Blue
Purple Sweet Potato Vine (Ipomoea batatas Black/Purple/Blue
Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea)
Black/Purple/Blue
Purple Heart (Tradescntia pallida)BlackPurpleBlue
Coleus
Black/Purple/Blue
Coral Honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens) Red
Bee Balm (Monarda didyma)
Red
Red Purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
Red
Bat-face Flower (Cuphea llavea)
Red
Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis)
Red
Navajo Sage, Red Pepper, Barberry, Clematis Red
White Purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
White
White Sage, Verbena, Peppermint
White
White Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea)
White
Cat’s Whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus)White
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19
20
North
North
Aztec grass (Ophiopogon jaburan)White
Garden Phlox (Phlox paniculata ‘David’)
White
Laurel High School
Laurel High School
The Medicine Wheel
Compass Directions
The wheel garden is divided into 4
sections:
• white – north
• red – west
• purple – south
• yellow – east
Each one of these sections is divided into
5 equal parts. Plants are planted in each
part according to their color.
Problem 1
Problem 2
Brandi’s group is running out of time, she
only has time to plant ¼ of the yellow
section that she is responsible for.
Nina’s group will plant the rest of
Brandi’s yellow section as well as her
part of the yellow section. How much is
each group now responsible for the
yellow section?
Problem 3
Carla made a mistake and she forgot to
assign a section of the medicine wheel.
Since it was her mistake, she will be
responsible for anything not assigned.
If the total area of the medicine wheel is
320 ft2 and the inside circle and walkways take up 120 ft2. How much area in
ft2 is Carla responsible for?
• West – Red
• Symbol for fire, passion, and fertility. The time of
summer.
• Question: Observe the plants found within this section
and try to locate insects found around the different
flowers. How can these insects be beneficial to the
plants?
• How can these insects be harmful to the plants?
• Answer: Insects can be beneficial to plants by
pollinating them or the insects can eat other insects that
eat the plants. Insects can be harmful by eating the
plants, laying eggs on the plants, stinging the plants, etc.
• South – Black/Purple/Blue
• Symbol for water and emotions. The time of fall.
• Question: Examine the plants within this
section. Trace the flow of water from the ground
to the leaves of the plants. Name the parts that
transport the water.
• Answer: Depending on the level of the student,
answer can range: roots, stems, leaves, veins;
vascular tissue; xylem, phloem.
• East – Yellow
• Symbol for air, flight, and new beginnings. The time of spring.
• Question: Take a deep breath in. What atmospheric gas are you
breathing in so you can live? Oxygen Release your breath. What
atmospheric gas are you breathing out? Carbon dioxide Plants
can also breathe atmospheric gasses in and out through tiny
openings on the underside of the leaves. Examine both sides of a
leaf using a hand magnifier. How does the underside differ from the
top side? The top side is smooth and the bottom side is bumpy.
Answers will vary. Tiny openings called stoma on the underside of
the leaf are where plants exchange gases. What gas do plants take
in to participate in photosynthesis? Oxygen What gas is released
as a result of photosynthesis? Carbon dioxide
• Extension: Make a cast of the underside of a leaf using clear
fingernail polish and packaging tape. Take the cast back to the lab
and examine the shape of the stoma using the microscope.
• North – White
• Symbol for Earth, wisdom, and healing. The time of
winter.
• Question: Locate the northern stone. This totem is for
north winds and winter. The animal totems are the white
buffalo, polar bear, and snowy owl. Explain why these
animals need to be white. What other adaptations do
they need to survive in the winter?
• Answer: The animals need a white coat in order to blend
in with their surroundings. It is a means of defense
against prey. They also need a thick furry or feathery
covering to protect them from the cold and also a thick
layer of fat.
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Use fraction circles to help you answer the following questions.
Sue has adopted 3 sections of the white quadrant and 3 sections of the
purple quadrant. She has decided that this is too much for her to take care
of and wants to give back 2 white sections and 1 purple section.
– What fraction of the medicine wheel does Sue start with?
– What fraction of the medicine wheel does Sue want to give back?
– What fraction of the medicine wheel does Sue still have?
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Ted has already adopted the whole red quadrant but wants to adopt 2
yellow sections.
a) What fraction of the whole medicine wheel does Ted have before
adopting the 2 yellow sections?
b) What fraction of the yellow quadrant will Ted have?
c) What fraction of the whole medicine wheel will Ted have?
Joe may want to adopt part of the medicine wheel but he needs to know
what sections are available for adoption. Refer to problem 1 and 2.
– What portion of the medicine wheel has already been adopted?
– What portion of the medicine wheel has not yet been adopted?
THE HONEYBEE
Apis mellifera
The Honeybee Voyage
• Honeybees were first
imported to the
colonies in 1622 to
pollinate the crops
brought over from
Europe. The Indians
referred to them as
“the white man’s
flies”.
The bee wings beat
over 11,000 cycles per
minute.
The average speed of a
bee is 15 mph.
The wings of a
foraging honeybee
wears out after about
500 miles.
Busy Bee
• The average bee flies at a speed of about 15
mph with their wings beating at about 11,000
cycles per minute. However, Busy Bee and
Speedy Bee are not average bees. Busy Bee
flies at a rate of about 13.5 mph and Speedy
Bee beats her wings at a rate of 11,520 cycles
per minute. Use the given information to
complete the following chart.
• Cycles per minuteCycles per secondMiles per
hourYards per minuteFeet per secondBusy
Bee13.5Speedy Bee11,520
• Honey
• To make 1 pound of honey, worker bees in a hive fly 55, 000 miles
and tap 2 million flowers. In the University of Southern Mississippi’s
Medicine Wheel Garden, there are 20 plants per section in the
purple quadrant, 17 plants per section in the red quadrant, 23 plants
in two of the sections in the yellow quadrant and 21 plants in the
other three yellow sections, and there are 11 plants in each section
of the white quadrant. On average there are 15 flowers per purple
plant, 7 flowers per red plant, 4 flowers per yellow plant, and 11
flowers per white plant.
• How many flowers will it take to make 10 ounces of honey?
• If it takes each bee 47 seconds to pollinate each flower, how long (in
seconds, minutes, and hours) will it take 157 bees to make 5 ounces
of honey?
• If 100 bees pollinated the red and yellow quadrants of the medicine
wheel garden, how many ounces of honey would they produce?
• How many ounces of honey can be made from the entire medicine
wheel garden? How many pounds?
• As Sherry finished her 12 oz. jar of honey, she thought about all the
work that bees must have put into filling her jar. How many of
Southern Miss’s medicine wheel gardens would it take to fill her jar?
To make one pound of
honey, workers in a hive
fly 55,000 miles and tap
two million flowers.
In a single collecting
trip a worker will visit
between 50 and 100
flowers.
Bees have five eyes which
enables them to perceive
movements that are
separated by 1/300th of a
second.
Compound Eyes
• Arthropod eyes are called compound eyes because
they are made up of repeating units the ommatidia,
each of which functions as a separate visual receptor.
• Each ommatidium consists of
– a lens (the front surface of which makes up a single facet)
– a transparent crystalline cone
– light-sensitive visual cells arranged in a radial pattern like the
sections of an orange
– pigment cells which separate the ommatidium from its
neighbors.
• The pigment cells ensure that only light entering the
ommatidium parallel (or almost so) to its long axis
reaches the visual cells and triggers nerve impulses.
Thus, each ommatidium is pointed at just a single area in
space and contributes information about only one small
area in the field of view.
Mosaic images
• The composite of all their responses is a mosaic image
— a pattern of light and dark dots rather like the halftone
illustrations in a newspaper or magazine. And just as in
those media, the finer the pattern of dots, the better the
quality of the image.
• Grasshopper eyes, with relatively few ommatidia must
produce a coarse, grainy image. The honeybee and
dragonfly have many more ommatidia and a
corresponding improvement in their ability to discriminate
("resolve") detail. The resolving ability of the honeybee
eye is poor in comparison with that of most vertebrate
eyes and only 1/60 as good as that of the human eye;
that is, two objects that we could distinguish between at
60 feet could only be discriminated by the bee at a
distance of one foot.