Transcript Plant Parts and Their Jobs

Plant Parts &
Their Jobs
Plant Jobs
Write these down…
 Primary source of food for
people and animals
 Produce oxygen
 Absorb carbon dioxide
 Continued…
Plant Jobs
 Slow wind speed
 Provide homes for wildlife
 Prevent erosion
 Beautify surroundings
 Furnish building materials and
fuel
Parts of a plant
 Four basic parts
 LEAVES
 STEMS
 ROOTS
 FLOWERS
Draw this on your notes
LEAVES
LEAVES
 The greenest part of
the plant
 Act as solar
collectors
 Large leaves= areas
of little sunlight
 Tiny leaves = bright
sunlight
 Needles = no water
loss
LEAVES
-
structure
 Epidermis - top and bottom tough layer
 Pallisade Layer - most cells with chloroplasts are
found here
 Spongy Layer - gas exchange through stomata
LEAVES
-
 Make Food
(sugar) in the
chloroplasts
 Gas Exchange
take in carbon dioxide and
release oxygen and water
vapor
Stomata on the bottom of the leaves have
guard cells that open and close as they
fill up with water.
2 functions
LEAVES - photosynthesis
Plants make sugar using
CO2 (from air)
and
H2O (from roots)
as ingredients.
STEMS
STEMS - two main functions
 Liquid transport
xylem cells carry water
& minerals up
phloem cells carry food
down
 Support
STEMS – example
Dicot plants such as a bean
(xylem & phloem in a ring under the bark)
Xylem
Cambium
Phloem
STEMS – example
Monocot plants such as a corn stalk
(vascular bundles scattered throughout the setm)
Phloem Cells
Xylem tube
What Good Are Stems to
humans?
 FOOD-rhubarb, celery, white
potato
 WOOD – building and fuel
 PAPER
Types of Modified Stems
 Bulbs: (onion)
 Tubers: (potato)
 Stolons: above ground runner
(strawberry)
 Rhizomes: below ground runners (field
bindweed or creeping jenny)
ROOTS
ROOTS -
functions
 Anchor plant
 Suck up water and
minerals
 Store Sugar (radish,
carrot, beets)
 Reproduction (eyes
on potatoes)
ROOTS -
structure
 root cap-protects tender cell division
area as the root pushes through soil
ROOTS
–
root hairs
Water and minerals move into root
by osmosis / diffusion
What is Diffusion?
 Diffusion is when
particles move from
areas of high
concentration to low
concentration.
(Doesn’t have to be
water)
 Examples: Lighting
a match, spraying
perfume or cologne
What is Osmosis?
 Osmosis is a special
type of diffusion that
involves water.
 Water moves from areas
of high concentration to
areas of low
concentration.
 Diffusion is when
particles move from
areas of high
concentration to low
concentration.
FLOWERS, FRUITS, SEEDS
FLOWERS, FRUITS, SEEDS
 Main jobs involve
reproduction




Attract pollinators
Disperse pollen
Fertilization
Disperse seeds
FLOWERS, FRUITS, SEEDS
 POLLEN normally carried by
insects or wind
 FRUITS & SEEDS normally
carried by wind, animals, water or
shot away from parent plants
(projectiles)