Transcript Plant Anatomy Review

Good Things We Get From
Plants

1. Oxygen for humans and animals to breath

2. Fuel for heating and transportation

3. Building materials

4. Medicines

5. Food for human and animal nutrition

6. Fabric for clothing and other purposes

7. Paper

8. Cover against wind and water

9. Habitat for animals

10. Aesthetics
Basic Parts of the Plant
Roots
Stems
Leaves
Flowers
Roots
1.
Anchor Plant
2. Absorb water and
minerals
3. Translocate water
and minerals to stem
4. Store Food
Stems
1.
Translocate water,
minerals and food to the
leaves
2. Support the leaves
and display them to light
3. Store Food
Leaves
1.
Make food through
photosynthesis
2. Provide site of gas
exchange
3. Store food
Flowers
1.
Contain organs for
specialized sexual
production
2. Produce seeds and
fruit
Different type of Roots
 A.
Tap Root
 Continuation
of the primary root
 Ideal for anchorage
 Penetration is greater for water
 Storage area for food made by
photosynthesis
Different type of Roots
 B. Fibrous Roots
Many finely branched
secondary roots
Shallow roots cover a large
area
More effective absorption
of water and minerals
Roots hold the soil to
prevent erosion
Different type of Roots
 C.
Aerial roots
Clinging air roots
Short roots that grow
horizontally from the
stems
Roots that fasten the
plant to a support
Absorptive air roots
Different type of Roots
Adventitious
Develop
Roots
in places other
than nodes
Can form on cuttings and
rhizomes
Roots
 Root hairs:
Tiny one celled
hair like
extensions of the epidermal
cells located near the tips
of the roots where vascular
tissues have formed.
Increase surface area
Absorb water and minerals
from soil
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
 Epidermis
 Cuticle
 Waxy
substance covers the leaves
and stems
 Waterproof layer that keeps water
in plants
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
 Epidermis
(cont)
Stomata
Openings
in the epidermis
mainly located on underside of
leaves
Exchange of gases
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
 Epidermis
Guard
(cont)
Cells
Two
cells located on each side
of stomata
Open
and closes stomata
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
 Mesophyll layer
Palisade mesophyll
Primary site of
photosynthesis
Spongy mesophyll
Contains air and
chloroplasts
Site of photosynthesis and
gas exchange
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
 Veins
or vascular bundles
In spongy mesophyll
Phloem tissues conduct food
from photosynthesis to rest
of plant
Xylem tissues conduct water
and minerals up to cells in
leaves and stems
Parts of the Flower
 Sepals
 Outer
covering of the flower bud
 Protects
the stamens and pistils
when flower is in bud stage
Parts of the Flower
 Petals
Brightly
colored
Protects
stamen and pistills
Attracts
pollinating insects
Parts of the Flower
 Stamens
 Male
Reproductive part
 Anther-produces
pollen
 Filament-supports
the anther
Parts of the Flower
 Pistil
Female reproductive part
Ovary
Enlarged portion at base
pistill
Produces ovules which
develop into seeds
Stigma
Holds the pollen grains
of
Parts of the Flower
 Style
Connects
the stigma with
ovary
Supports
the stigma so that it
can be pollinated
Complete and Incomplete
Flowers
 Complete:
parts
 Sepals
 Petals
 Stamens
 Pistils
have all four main