Transcript leaf nutrient

Plant tissue analysis
deficiency in Mango
Management system
adopted for fruit trees are
quite different, especially
with regard to nutrient
than that adopted for field
crops. The shift in
management system
could be commenced 3-4
years after planting
depending on the tree
size.
for testing nutrients
Nutrients are required for
flowering and fruiting while
at the same time trees are
allowed to grow and
maintain sufficient vigour
for producing high yields
in following years.
To maintain
productivity of trees
in long run and
maintain the
sustainability of tree
production capacity,
application of nutrient
should be based on
actual requirement
and availability of
nutrient in the soil.
Application of plant nutrients
economically at correct time with
right amounts in a way that
nutrients could be taken up by
plants efficiently with minimum
losses. The purpose of assessment
of nutrient requirement of fruit trees
is to keep mineral nutrient levels in
the tree with in the desired range to
have the growth and development
effects and fruiting of trees as
desired.
Objective
After completing this lesson, you will be able to :
Explain optimum level of nutrients, factor
affecting leaf nutrients analysis, time and
methods of leaf sampling in mango.
Factors influencing nutrient content of the soil
Type of vegetation cover; e.g. with
legume cover there could be
higher N, etc.,
Application of manures and
fertilizers.
Application of soil amendments
Inheriting status of soil
Factors influencing nutrient content of the leaf
Fertilizers input
Type of vegetation cover; e.g. with
legume cover there
could be higher
N, etc.,
Factors inherent in the cultivar,
rootstock; genetic
make-up,
age of crop, time of sampling;
seasonal
variation, age of
leaves, position of leaves, yield
of crop etc.
Leaf Samples
Leaf analysis is an important
tool to estimate nutritional
requirement of fruit trees.
Leaf nutrient content can be
obtained by analysing leaf
tissues at proper growth
stage. Thereafter, nutrient
requirement of mango trees
can be calculated based on
optimum norms of tissue
nutrient.
Plant tissues sampling
guideline for mango
Leaves + petiole.
4 to 7 months old leaves
from middle of the shoot.
30-40 leaves per sample.
Leaf sample
Optimum norms for mango
Nutrient Lucknow
Totapuri
Dashehari Alphonso Chausa
Safeda
N (%)
1.20
0.84-1.53
1.23
0.78-1.65
1.17
P (%)
0.10
0.64-0.15
0.06
0.02-0.33
0.11
K (%)
0.50
0.52-1.10
0.54
0.77-1.73
0.59
Ca (%)
3.04
1.97-3.20
1.71
0.76-1.63
2.99
Mg (%)
0.47
0.40-0.65
0.91
0.40-0.65
0.50
S (%)
0.17
0.15-0.22
0.12
0.04-0.13
0.16
Optimum norms for mango
Nutrient
Lucknow Totapuri
Dashehari Alphonso Chausa
Safeda
Fe (ppm)
-
48-86
171.0
653-963
-
Mn(ppm)
-
57-174
66.0
13-408
-
Zn (ppm)
-
25-33
25.0
7.8-18.3
-
Cu(ppm)
-
3.1-8.0
12.00
14.3-17.8
-
Factors affecting leaf analysis results
Physical State of the Tree
If the tree is in a state of stress, such as
disease/insect attack or severe drought,
nutrient levels are likely to be low.
There is little point in doing a leaf
analysis from a
sick
tree. When
the tree is pushing out a new flush of
growth nutrients are moving into the new
shoots and often out of the old leaves.
The best time to take samples is
when the flush has
hardened
off and matured.
Factors affecting leaf
analysis results
Waterlogging
Waterlogging also induces stress
and reduces the uptake of most
nutrients, so even though soil
nutrient levels are adequate, they
may not be taken up by the plant
and
leaf
levels
deficiencies.
will
indicate
Waterlogging
Factors affecting leaf analysis results
Nutrient Imbalances
Maintaining a correct balance
between elements is important, as
high levels of one element can affect
the uptake and levels of another, e.g.
high N levels can cause low Ca
levels.
Variety/Rootstock
Most fruit trees show different
standard levels between
varieties. Rootstocks can also
have an effect.
Factors affecting leaf
analysis results
Weeds
Weeds compete for
nutrients, especially N. Often
the effective use of
herbicides, where weeds
have built up, increases N
levels in the plant without
fertilizer being applied.
Fungicides/Foliar
Fertilizers
Recent foliar applications
of trace elements,
fertilizers or fungicides
will raise the levels of
these elements in leaves
even after they have been
washed.
Weed infestation