Transcript Plants - TeacherWeb

Topic: Plants
Aim: What are seed plants?
Do Now: Describe something you have
planted.
What are some different types of
plants?
• Plants without seeds
• Plants with seeds
What are seed plants?
• Plants that are made of vascular tissue and
produce seeds
• ANGIOSPERM: seeds have protective
outer covering (flowering plants)
• GYMNOSPERM: seeds do not have
protective outer covering (pine cones)
What is vascular tissue?
• Tubes that transport water, food,
and other materials throughout
the body of a plant
• Two types of vascular tissue:
1. Xylem
2. Phloem
What are Xylem?
• Vascular tissue that carries water and
minerals UP the plant
• Materials travel from the roots → →
leaves
• Consist of thick cell walls for support
What are Phloem?
• Vascular tissue that carries food
throughout the plant
• Food travels up and down
How have plants adapted to live on
land?
1. Support the leaves and other parts so
they do not collapse
2. Obtain water and minerals
3. Transport food, water, minerals, and
other materials throughout the plant
4. Prevent excess water loss to the
environment
5. Get sperm and egg cells together for
reproduction
Topic: Plants
Aim: What are roots and stems?
Do Now: Fill in the table:
VASCULAR TISSUE
FUNCTION
What are the parts of a plant?
1. ROOTS:
• Anchor plants
• Absorb water and minerals
from the ground
• Store food for plants
What are the parts of a root?
1. Root hairs: increase surface area
though which plants take in water and
minerals from the soil
2. Epidermis: outermost layer
3. Cortex: stores food; carries water to
the xylem
4. Root tip: tip of the root
5. Growth tissue: behind the root cap
where new cells grow
What are the parts of a plant?
2. STEMS:
• Contain xylem and phloem
• Hold the leaves of a plant up in the air
(to get sunlight)
• Different sizes (trunk, branches,
twigs)
STEMS
How many different types of stems do
plants have?
• HERBACEOUS PLANTS:
• Green and soft stems (sunflowers and
grass)
• WOODY STEMS:
• Stems contain wood
• Layers of xylem that form when a stem
grows thicker (roses and maple trees)
Topic: Plants
Aim: How do leaves help the plant survive?
Do Now: What is the purpose of root hair?
Pick another part of the plant and explain its
function using a complete sentence.
What are the parts of a plant?
3. LEAVES:
• Site of photosynthesis
• Chlorophyll is found in the plant cells
of leaves
• Leaves contain two parts:
• Blade: thin, flat part of a leaf that is
exposed to sunlight
• Stalk: connects the leaf to the stem
How many different types of leaves do
plants have?
•
•
•
•
SIMPLE LEAF:
Blade is in one piece
COMPOUND LEAF:
Blade is divided into leaf like parts
(palms and roses)
How do plants eat?
What is photosynthesis?
• Process in which plants use sunlight
(energy) to produce glucose (food)
• Form of autotrophic nutrition – the
ability to make food
• Occurs in chloroplasts
What is the equation for
photosynthesis?
6 CO2 + 6 H2O
sunlight
→
chlorophyll
Raw materials
C6H12O6 + 6 O2
GLUCOSE
Waste –
Into air
Products
What is the structure of a leaf?
1. Cuticle: waxy cover that prevents
water loss
2. Epidermis: outer layer of cells
3. Mesophyll:
a. Palisade layer – long, thin cells tightly
packed together; contains chloroplasts;
WHERE MOST PHOTOSYNTHESIS
OCCURS
b. Spongy layer – contains air spaces that
allow carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water
vapor to move around
What is the structure of a leaf?
4. Stomates: openings in the epidermis
that allow carbon dioxide in and water
vapor and oxygen out of the plant
5. Guard cells: cells that surround and
control the opening and closing of
stomates
6. Veins: contain xylem and phloem
Leaf Cross Section
D.
K.
C. Xylem
I. Vein
E.
F.
G.
B/J. Stomata
H. Phloem
A. Guard Cells
Topic: Plants
Aim: What is transpiration and tropism?
Do Now: In what layer of the leaf does
photosynthesis occur? Explain why it occurs
in this layer?
How does water leave the plant?
• TRANSPIRATION:
• The process in which water leaves the
plant through the stomates
What is Tropism?
• TROPISM: growth of plants toward, or
away, from a stimulus
• PHOTOTROPISM: moves toward the
light
• GRAVITROPISM: grow downward
gravitropism
toward gravity
phototropism
Gravitropism in motion.
• Grav01.rm
Topic: Plants/Reproduction
Aim: What is the structure of the flower?
Do Now: Why do plants have flowers?
Sexual Reproduction in Flowers:
What is the structure of a flower?
1. Petals: colored leaves that attract
insects for pollination
2. Sepals: green leaves used for protection
What are the male parts of the flower?
3. Stamen: male reproductive organ
a) Anther – produces pollen (sperm)
b) Filament – stem holds up anther
STAMEN
ANTHER
FILAMENT
Topic: Plants/Reproduction
Aim: How do plants spread their seeds?
Do Now: What is the name of the male
reproductive organ in the flower? What two
structures make up the male reproductive
organ? What does each structure do?
3.
a)
b)
c)
d)
What are the female parts of the
flower?
Pistil: female reproductive organ
Stigma – sticky part that catches pollen
Style – long tube that brings pollen to ovary
Ovary – where eggs are produced and stored
Ovules – contain eggs
PISTIL
Label the flower and answer the
questions!
B
Petal
C
A
Stigma
Anther
D
Style
E
Ovary
I Filament
H Stem
F
G Ovule
1. Structures A and I make up what structure?
2. Structures C, D, E, and G make up what structure?
Stamen
Pistil
Sepal
What is pollination?
• When pollen lands on the stigma
• Two types:
• Self pollination – pollen from one flower
lands on the stigma of the same flower
• Cross pollination – pollen from one flower
lands on the stigma of another flower
B
A
A = SELF POLLINATION
B = CROSS POLLINATION
Topic: Plants/Reproduction
Aim: How does a flower reproduce?
Do Now: What is the name of the female
reproductive organ in a flower? List the
structures that make up the female
reproductive organ and explain their
functions.
How does a flower reproduce?
1. Pollen lands on stigma (pollination)
2. Pollen tube grows down through the
style and carries pollen to ovary
3. Sperm fertilizes egg in ovule
a) Ovule develops into a seed that
contains the embryo
b) Ovary develops into fruit
Ovary turns into the fruit,
Ovule turns into the seed
Seeds
What are the parts of seeds?
1. Seed coat: protects the embryo
2. Embryo: will develop into the plant
3. Cotyledon: Stored food for the embryo
Seed Coat
Embryo
Cotyledon
Topic: Plants/Reproduction
Aim: What can we learn by observing the
parts of the flower?
Do Now: Explain the function of each part
of the seed. What parts of the flower
develop into the fruit and seed?