Plant Adaptations
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Transcript Plant Adaptations
Plant Adaptations
How do plants survive?
What are some adaptations
plants have made to aid in
their survival?
LEAVES
Site of photosynthesis
Site of transpiration
Brings sunlight, CO2 and
H2O together for food
production
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 12H2O + sunlight
C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2
SUNLIGHT
WATER
CARBON
DIOXIDE
GLUCOSE
WATER
OXYGEN
Leaf Features
Stoma (stomata) – pores which
regulate the exchange of gases
between the leaf and the
atmosphere.
Guard cells – surround and control
the size of the opening of stoma.
Cuticle – waxy
coating which
prevents dehydration.
STEMS
Transports materials
between the leaves and
roots.
Supports the leaves to
collect light.
ROOTS
Anchor the plant.
Absorb water and
minerals for
photosynthesis, etc.
Store carbohydrates.
Types of Roots
Vascular Tissue for Food
Phloem –
carries food
produced in
the leaves to
the rest of the
plant.
Vascular Tissue for Water
Xylem –
carries water
and minerals
from the roots
to the rest of
the plant.
Cambium
A layer of actively dividing cells
between xylem and phloem that is
responsible for the secondary growth
of stems and roots
Secondary growth occurs after the
first season and results in increase in
thickness.
Hormonal Control in
Plants
Hormones
Substances produced in
one part of the plant
which exert control on
another part of the plant.
Tropism
-a plants response to the
environment. Examples:
phototropism is the response
to light, thigmotropism is
response to touch,
gravitropism is response to
gravity
Phototropism
Thigmotropism
Thigmotropism
Thigmotropism
Gravitropism
Hormone examples:
Auxin- collects in the shady side
of a stem and elongates the cells
causing it to bend toward the light
(phototropism).
Also plays a role in gravitropism.
The Effects of Auxin
Gibberellin- plant growth
hormone. Causes some plants
to grow abnormally tall.
Parts of the Flower
Flowers differ in size, shape, and
color
Let’s look at some basic parts
Sepal
green leaf-like part, covers and
protects bud before opening
Petals
are actually leaves
usually bright colors to attract
pollinating insects.
Stamens
male part of flower
has two parts
filament-stalk
Anther
sac-like structure on top of
filament, contains pollen
(plant sperm)
Pistil
female part
in the center of flower
has three parts
Pistil’s 3 Parts:
Stigma – top of pistil, it’s
sticky to grab pollen
Style - tube leading
from stigma to ovary
Ovary - egg cells develop here
grows to become fruit or seedcoat
Types of Flowers
Complete
contains sepal, petal,
stamen and pistil
Incomplete
lacks one or more
of the parts above
No sepals
Types of Flowers
Perfect
has stamens and pistils
(male and female parts)
Imperfect
lacks stamens or pistils
(either male or female)
Stamen only