Transcript Land
Land Biomes Ch. 20 • Biome= large area characterized by its climate and the plants and animals that live in the area. First image in Google Images under “land biomes” Forests • Temperate Deciduous Forests • Coniferous Forests-Taiga • Tropical Rain Forests Temperate Deciduous Forests • Deciduous= Latin for “to fall off” • Trees shed leaves to save water during the dry season. • Animals include bears, deer, raccoons, fox, snakes, and woodpeckers. • Rainfall: 75-125 cm • Summer: 82 degrees F • Winter: 43 degrees F Animals from a temperate deciduous forest. Coniferous Forests • Most trees are called Conifers • Conifers produce seeds in cones • Evergreen Trees= trees that stay green all year long. • Squirrels and insects, elk and moose, finches and jays • Thick layer of needles and little light reaches the ground. • Rainfall: 35-75 cm • Summer: 57 degrees F • Winter: 14 degrees F What is a Taiga? Taiga Biomes Tropical Rain Forests • Have more kinds of plants and animals than any other biome. • Most animals live in the canopy. • Canopy= treetops • 1,400 birds live in the canopy • Nutrients are in the plants, not the soil. • Rainfall: up to 400 cm • Day: 93 degrees F • Night: 68 degrees F Canopy of Tropical Rain Forests Grasslands • Temperate • Savannas • Found in every continent except Antarctica. • Common names: steppes, prairies, and pampas Temperate Grasslands • Plants: grasses and other flowering plants • Have few trees • Animals include prairie dogs, mice, and bison. • Rainfall: 25-75cm • Summer: 86 degrees F • Winter: 32 degrees F Savannas • Savanna= grassland that has scattered clumps of trees and seasonal rains. • During dry season, grasses dry out and turn yellow but survive because of the deep roots. • Grassland near the equator is known as tropical savannas. • Animals: elephants, giraffes, and zebras • Rainfall: 150 cm • Dry Season: 93 degrees F • Wet Season: 61 degrees F Deserts • Very dry and very hot • Plants grow far apart so they don’t have to compete for water. • Animals are mostly nocturnal (active at night) • Cactuses, spadefoot toad, desert tortoises • Rainfall: less than 25 cm • Summer: 100 degrees F • Winter: 45 degrees F Spadefoot Toad Tundra • Polar Tundra • Alpine Tundra • Tundra= biome that has very cold temperatures and little rainfall- can be called a cold desert • NO TREES! • Covers 1/5th of the world • Rainfall: 30-50 cm • Summer: 54 degrees F • Winter: -15 degrees F Polar Tundra • Found near North and South Poles • Layer of soil beneath surface (permafrost) is frozen all the time. • Shallow rooted plants: grasses and shrubs • Animals: insects, birds, wolves, caribou Alpine Tundra • Like Polar Tundra • Found at top of tall mountains and above tree line. • Tree line= above this line, trees cannot grow. • Plenty of sunlight and precipitation The lighter green color is above the tree line. Review • A major factor used to classify biomes is –A. Climate –B. Sources of water present –C. Surface area –D. Number of people who live there Answer: • A. climate • Which two biomes receive the LEAST amount of precipitation? –A. savanna and taiga –B. tundra and desert –C. tropical rain forest and temperate deciduous forest –D. temperate grassland and temperate deciduous forest Answer: • B. tundra and desert • Which biome is closest to the equator? –A. taiga –B. desert –C. savanna –D. temperate deciduous forest Answer: • C. Savanna Highlighted areas are near the equator. World Biomes • www.mrnussbaum.com - Interactive Landforms Map: Plateau, Valley, Isthmus, Strait, Channel, Peninsula, Archipelago Question • The picture below shows the animal tracks Jeremy found by a riverbank. • Which of the following events probably took place in area X of the picture? Answer • Which of the following events probably took place in area X of the picture? • Animal 1 was eaten by animal 2. Animal 2 flew away. Animal 2 was eaten by animal 1. Animal 1 stepped in the tracks of animal 2 when leaving area X. Question • Most of the eastern United States, including Georgia, is located in the: • tropical rainforest biome. tropical savanna biome. polar tundra biome. deciduous forest biome. Answer • deciduous forest biome. Question • Which biome covers most of the land mass near Earth's equator? • tundra desert grassland tropical forest Answer • Tropical Rain Forest Question • Which biome is found on mountains above the tree line? grassland deciduous forest tundra tropical forest • Answer •Tundra Question • Which biome contains the greatest diversity of living organisms? desert grassland tropical forest temperate forest Answer • Tropical rain forest WHY? Question • Plants with spines and waxy leaves are well-suited for life in which environment? temperate forest grassland tropical forest desert Answer •Desert •WHY?