Transcript Greenhouse Power Point

Plant Classification & Naming
Chapter 4 Crops Unit
Annual Plant
Annual: Grows for
1 year
1.Germination
2. Growth
3. Flower
4. Dies
Perennial Plant
Grows:
1 or more cycles
1.Germination
2.Growth
3.Flowering
4.Dormancy
5. Back To Growth
Biennial Plant
Germination
season 1
2. Growth
3. Dormancy
Takes 2 growing
seasons
1.
Biennial Plant
Growth season 2
1. Flowering
2. Death
Herbaceous Plants
Plants have stems
that are soft and
not woody.
Ex. Herbs, Vines,
Turfgrasses
Die back to ground
each year.
Woody Plants
Produce wood &
have buds
surviving above
the ground over
winter.
Ex. Trees, shrubs
Deciduous Plants
Leafless during a
portion of the
year, usually
winter.
Evergreens
Hold their leaves
all during the
year.
Annuals
Complete their life
cycle in less than
a year.
Ex. Petunia,
Marigold, Pansy,
Broccoli
Biennial Plant
Complete their life
cycle in 2 years.
Ex. Cabbage,
Beets, Hollyhock
Perennials
Will grow
indefinitely from
year to year.
Ex. Tree, Shrubs
Dicots
Characterized by 2
cotyledons ( seed
leaves) in their
seedling stage.
Monocots
Characterized by 1
cotyledon in their
seedling stage.
Dicot Plants
 Example:
Rose
Dicot Plant
Example: Poinsetta
Dicot Plant
Example: Catnip
Monocot Plants
Example: Wild Iris
Monocot Plants
Example: Timothy
Grass
Monocot Plants
Example:
Spiderwort
Define
Hardiness: Ability of a plant to
withstand cold temperatures
(adaptation).
2. Tender Plant: More sensitive to
temperature extremes.
3. Hardy Plant: Less sensitive to
temperature extremes.
1.
Define
4. Morophology: Deals with a part of a
plant form & structure.
5. Botanical Nomenclature: Scientific
classification of plants.
6. Cultivar: Cultivated variety that
retains its features when reproduced.
Define
7. Scientific Name: Latin name of the
plant written using Roman alphabet
which includes ( genus & species
name)
8. Botanist: Scientist who studies plants.
9. Reproductive Phase: When plant
flowers and produces fruit.
Define
10. Dormancy: Slow or in active growth
of plants.
Plant Life Cycles
1st Vegetative Phase: Begins when a
plant seed germinates & grows
producing leaves, stems, and roots.
2nd Reproductive Phase: When plant
flowers and produces fruit.
3rd Dormancy: Slowed or inactive
growth.
Review
Annuals: Can be broken into 2 groups.
1. Summer Annuals: Petunia, Marigold,
Tomatoes
2. Winter Annuals: Broccoli, Spinach,
Pansy
Review
Biennials:
1st season grow vegetatively then
dormant
2nd season produce fruit
Review
Perennials: 2 groups
1st Herbaceous: Strawberries,Asparagus
2nd Woody: Trees, Shrubs, some Vines
Photosynthesis & Respiration
Chapter 4
Photosynthesis
The green color in leaves (chlorophyll)
utilizes the energy of the sun ( photo)
to combine (synthesis) the carbon from
carbon dioxide with oxygen and
hydrogen from water to produce
simple sugars, (carbohydrates) from
which enzymatic action, other plant
food and in torn tissues are formed.
Define
Chlorophyll: Green pigment contained in
the chloroplast of the plant cell.
Stomata: Tiny pores in the epidermis of a
leaf.
Cellular Respiration: Sugars made in
photosynthesis are broken down into
simpler molecules.
Define
Cellular Respiration: In the process of
breaking the chemical bonds, energy is
released. The energy is applied towards
growth and development of the plant.
Define
Transpiration: The loss of water from the
plant through the leaves in the form of
water vapor.
Characteristics of leaves
determine type of tree
Leaf Form
2. Leaf Apex
3. Leaf Margin
4. Leaf Base
1.
Venation Pattern
Arrangement of
veins in a leaf.
Veins will differ in
various plants.
Simple Leaf
Consist of:
A single leaf blade
and a petiole.
Ex. Sweet Gum
Compound Leaf
Made of a petiole
& two or more
leaf blades called
leaflets
Axillary Bud
A bud located at
the base of the
entire leaf.
Broadleaf
Plants have
flattened leaf
blades.
Ex. Oak, Holly
Narrow Leaf
Plants have awllike, scale-like, or
needle- like
leaves.
Ex. Spruce,
Cypress, Pine
Define
 Apical
Meristem: Primary growing
point of the stem.
 Terminal Bud: Contains cells of
undeveloped leaf, stem, flower, or
mixture of it all.
 Bud Scale: Tiny leaf-like structures
that cover the bud before it opens.
Define
Terminal Bud Scale Scar: Ring-like scars
that can be found inches, or up to a few
back from the terminal bud.
Axillary or lateral bud: Will produce a
new leaf or stem is located along the
side of the stem.
Define
Node: Point along a stem where leaves or
other stems are attached.
Internode: Area between two nodes.
Leaf Scars: Left when a leaf drops from a
stem.
Lenticel: Tiny pores located on the stem that
allows for gas exchange between the plant
&the environment.
Xylem
Have stiff walls that
provide structural
support for the
plant.
Ex. Transports water,
minerals from roots
to leaves.
Phloem
Found through out
the plant.
Moves food
through the plant.
Pith
Stores food and
moisture, center
portion of the
stem.
Cambium
Cell division takes
place.