Transcript RLO Title: Nutrient Management In Banana

Introduction
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Banana crop is heavy feeder of nutrients. It’s roots spread
superficially and absorb large amounts of nutrients from the
soil.
Proper management of nutrients in banana crops leads to
higher yield. The essential nutrients are supplied through
different fertilizer combinations which vary with variety and
climatic conditions.
Proper nutrient supply and management ensures adequate
nutrient to plants to avoid deficiency or toxicity. It also
stimulates proper shoot and root growth in plants.
Major Nutrients:
Nitrogen: It is required in large quantities for development of lush
green shoot growth. It is absorbed by plant in the form of
nitrates. It is needed for synthesis of chlorophyll and protein.
Deficiency Symptoms: Slow growth and yellowing of leaves. Leaf
area reduces and leaf petiole becomes short and thin. Lesser
production of suckers. Deficiency of nitrogen leads to
excessive absorption of Phosphorus.
Management Nitrogen: In the form of urea, 200 gm nitrogen at
vegetative stage and 100 gm nitrogen at reproductive stage
should be applied. Out of which, 25 % Nitrogen through organic
sources (Neem Cake + FYM) and 75 % Nitrogen through
inorganic form.
Phosphorus:
Phosphorous is major nutrient essential for root development and
fruit maturity in plant. It helps to produce healthy rhizome and
strong root system in banana. It also influences flowering and
general vegetative growth.
Deficiency Symptoms: Phosphorus deficiency results in to
slow growth with thin and woody stems. Fruit maturity delayed
and there is discoloration of flowers and fruits in banana.
Management: Phosphorus is applied in the form of Single
Super Phosphorus at 40-60 gm P2O5
planting.
per plant at time of
Potassium:
Potassium is major nutrient for overall plant growth and colour to
flowers and fruits. It regulates uptake of water and synthesis of
starch and sugar. It improves the disease resistance of plants and
keeping quality of fruits.
Deficiency Symptoms: Deficiency of potassium in banana
affects plant metabolism and reduces growth and production of
new leaves. Leaf size reduces with premature yellowing. Necrosis
spread from border resulting in to withering of entire leaf lamina.
Management: Application of 200 gm potassium at vegetative
growth and 100 gm at reproductive growth in the form of muriate of
potash is recommended.
Magnesium:
Magnesium is main constitution of chlorophyll and plays vital role
in production of carbohydrates, proteins, fats. It acts as carrier of
Phosphorous in plant and regulates uptake of other nutrients.
Deficiency Symptoms:
•Magnesium deficiency causes formation of green bands around
the margin and near the midrib of leaf lamina in banana.
Management:
•Spraying Magnesium Sulphate @ 2 gm / Liter water effectively
corrects the magnesium deficiency in banana.
Sulphur:
Sulphur is essential for vegetative growth and root development. It
helps in formation of chlorophyll and essential component of
many proteins and enzymes.
Deficiency Symptoms: Sulphur deficiency causes larger
yellow spots on each side of midrib of leaf lamina in banana.
Management: Magnesium deficiency can be corrected by
application of Magnesium Sulphate @ 50 gm/plant as soil
application at planting or Spraying @ 2 gm/liter water.
•Application
of Iron Sulphate can correct the iron deficiency as
well as sulphur deficiency.
Secondary Nutrients
Manganese: Manganese is essential in the formation of
chlorophyll in banana.
Deficiency Symptoms: Veins of leaf lamina remain green
while the rest of leaf turns yellow and shows a netted
appearance.
Management: Application of Manganese Sulphate (MnSo4) in
to soil or spraying of MnSO4 can
deficiency in banana.
correct the manganese
Zinc
Zinc nutrient helps to regulate the oxidation-reduction processes
within the cells. It’s deficiency found in banana only when it grows
in zinc deficient soils.
Deficiency Symptoms: Plant bears narrow pointed and
chlorite young leaves in banana. Bunchy top crowns is a typical
symptoms of zinc deficiency.
Management: Application of Zinc Sulphate @ 50 gm/plant in
soil at the time of planting. Or Foliar application of 3gm Zinc
Sulphate + 5gm urea is mixed in 1 liter of water at 45 and 60 days
after planting.
Boron
Boron helps in cell development in banana and regulates
translocation
of
sugars
across
membranes
and
the
polyphenolase activities in metabolism.
Deficiency: Deficiency of boron may results in reduction in
weight and size of the bunch and also affects the proper filling of
the fruit bunch in banana.
Management: Application of Borax @ 20 gm per plant at the
time of planting in soil. Or Foliar application of Boric acid at 0.2
% at 4 - 5 month after planting.
Iron
Iron is a constituent of cytochrome enzymes system and plays a
catalytic role in numerous enzyme activities in plant
Deficiency: Iron deficiency is mainly observed in alkaline soil.
Young leaves show yellowing and chlorosis between veins in
banana.
Management: Application of Iron Sulphate can correct the
Iron deficiency in banana.