Compare the functions of roots, stems, and leaves
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Transcript Compare the functions of roots, stems, and leaves
Compare the
functions of roots,
stems, and leaves
S7-3-1
Roots
Roots—3 main functions
1.
Soak up water
from ground
2.
Anchor plant
to ground
3.
Store food
Roots—2 main types
Fibrous root
Branching root system
Spreads out underground
Ex. Corn, trees, many weeds
Tap root
One large root
Does not spread out but
may grow deep
Ex. Dandelions, carrots,
radish
Parts of a Root
Root hairs
Cortex
Stores food
Vascular cylinder
Increase surface area
Bring in more water
Central “core”
Contains growth tissue,
phloem, xylem
Root cap
Protects root tip as it grows
through the soil
Specialized Roots
Prop Roots—above ground,
give support
Ex. rainforest tree, corn
Pneumatophores—roots
extensions reach above water to
get oxygen
Ex. mangrove
More Specialized Roots
Buttress Roots—thick
roots (extensions of
trunk) that give support
Adventitious Roots—roots
that can sprout from
other tissues; may grow
a new plant forma
clipping
Ex. ivy, philodendron
Even More Specialized Roots
Contractile roots— pull a plant
into the soil to the correct depth
Ex. onion, tulip bulb
Haustorial root—parasitic roots that dig
into another living plant’s roots to steal
water and food
Ex. misteltoe
Not done! Specialized Roots III
Water storage—store water
underground
Ex. Cucurbita foetidissima—may
store 158 lbs of water!
And the final & biggest specialized use of plant roots . . .
FOOD STORAGE! All plants store food in
their roots, but these plants go overboard!
Specialized Roots—Food storage
Turnip
Rutabaga
Cassava
Beet
Carrot
Radish
Sweet potato
Answer each question below on a
separate sheet of paper.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
What are the 3 functions of a root?
What are the 2 main types of roots?
What tissue would you find inside the vascular
cylinder?
Why does a plant have root hairs?
What may happen if a root doesn’t have a root
cap?
Where is food stored in the root?
Name 3 examples of specialized roots.