Transcript BRAIN Pen/Pencil Guided Notes WS

What do I need for Biology?
BRAIN
Pen/Pencil
Guided Notes WS
(2 on front table)
Photosynthesis
Plants are Energy Producers
• Like animals, plants need energy to live
– unlike animals, plants don’t need to eat
food to make that energy
• Plants make both FOOD & ENERGY
– animals are consumers
– plants are producers
How do plants make energy & food?
• Plants use the energy from the sun
– to make ATP energy
– to make sugars
sun
• glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more
ATP
sugars
• Photosynthesis
– 2 separate processes
– ENERGY building reactions
• collect sun energy
• use it to make ATP
• O2 leaves (waste)
ATP
– SUGAR building reactions
• take the ATP energy
• collect CO2 from air &
H2O from ground
• use all to build sugars
carbon dioxide
water
+ HO
CO2
2
sun
H2O
+
CO2
sugars
sugars
oxygen
+
C6H12O6
O2
Light Dependent Rxn
• NRG is captured from Sunlight.
• H2O is split into H Ions, electrons,
and O2
– O2 leaves (Byproduct or “waste”)
• The Light NRG is
converted to Chemical
NRG
- temporarily stored in
ATP & NADPH
Light Independent Rxn
• a.k.a. Calvin Cycle
• Chemical NRG (ATP and NADPH)
powers the formation of Organic
Compounds (Glucose), using CO2
sun
ENERGY
building
reactions
ATP
ADP
SUGAR
building
reactions
H2O
used immediately
to synthesize sugars
sugar
CO2
So what does a plant need?
• Bring In
– light
– CO2
– H2 O
leaves
• Let Out
– O2
shoot
• Move Around
– sugars
roots
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
Leaf Structure
vascular bundle (vein)
xylem (water)
cuticle
epidermis
phloem (sugar)
palisades
layer
spongy
layer
epidermis
cuticle
stoma
guard
cells
Function of Leaf Structures
• Cuticle
– waxy coating reduces water loss
• Epidermis
– skin protecting leaf tissues
• Palisades layer
– high concentration of chloroplasts
• collecting sun’s energy
– photosynthesis
• making ATP & sugars
• Spongy layer
– air spaces
• gas exchange
– CO2 in for sugar production, remove waste O2
Transpiration
xylem (water)
O2 H O
2
 CO2 in
 O2 out
 water out
CO2
stomata
O2 H2O
 so it gets to leaves from roots
CO2
guard
cells
Transpiration
• Water evaporates from the
stomata in the leaves
– pulls water up from
roots
• *cohesion/adhesion &
capillarity!!
– more water is pulled up
the plant from ground
Guard Cells & Homeostasis
• Homeostasis
– keeping the internal
environment balanced
• Stomata open
– let CO2 in
• needed to make sugars
– let H2O out
• needed for photosynthesis
– let O2 out
• get rid of waste product
• Stomata closed
– if too much H2O evaporating
Xylem
carry water up from
roots
Phloem: food-conducting cells
 carry sugars around the plant
wherever they are needed
 new leaves
 fruit & seeds
 roots
The poetic perspective
• All of the solid material of every plant
was built out of thin air
• All of the solid material of every
animal was built from plant material
air
Then all the cats, dogs,
mice, people & elephants…
are really strands of air woven
together by sunlight!
sun
Got the energy…
Ask Questions!!
How are they connected?
Respiration
glucose + oxygen  carbon + water + energy
dioxide
C6H12O6 +
6O2
 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Photosynthesis
carbon
sun
+ water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
Energy cycle
capture
light energy
Photosynthesis
sun
synthesis
Plants (producers; autotrophs)
CO2
H2O
glucose
sugars
Plants &
Animals (consumers; heterotrophs)
O2
digestion
Cellular Respiration
The Great Circle
of Life!
Mufasa?
release
chemical energy
ATP
Chloroplasts are only in plants
animal cells
plant cells
Chloroplasts
Leaf
absorb
sunlight & CO2
Leaves
sun
CO2
Chloroplasts
in cell
Chloroplast
Chloroplasts
contain
Chlorophyll
Chloroplast
make
ENERGY & SUGAR