Transcript Hydrosphere - Geo Queen Bee

The Hydrosphere
• 70% of the earth’s
surface is covered
with water
– Oceans: 97.5%
– Land: 2.4%
– Atmosphere < .001%
The water (hydrologic) cycle
The cycle: Evaporation
• Water changes from
liquid to gas (vapor)
• 80% of evaporation
comes from the
oceans, the rest from
waterways and
vegetation
• Winds transport
evaporated water
around the globe
The cycle: Condensation
• Water changes from
gas to water droplets
as they rise in the
atmosphere (gets
colder)
• Water droplets
adhere to particles in
the atmosphere and
form clouds
The cycle: Transpiration
• Water evaporates
from the leaves and
stems of plants
• 10% of evaporated
water comes from
transpiration
The cycle: Precipitation
• Water transfers from
the atmosphere to the
earth’s surface
• Rain, snow, sleet,
hail, freezing rain
The cycle: Runoff
• Runoff transfers water
from lakes, rivers and
streams to the
oceans.
• Runoff also occurs
when the ground
cannot absorb any
more water and it
flows on the surface
into bodies of water
The cycle: Infiltration
• Infiltration is the
soaking of water into
the earth’s surface
• Amount that infiltrates
affected by
–
–
–
–
Slope of the land
Vegetation
Rock types
Soil type
Water, water everywhere…but not
a drop to drink
• With almost all of the earth’s water in the
oceans, less than 10% is available for
human use
• Access to water is not equal, due to nature
and wealth
“The equivalent of 12
jumbo jets of children
die everyday from
sanitation-related
diseases”
--UN Water expert
• Water pollution is a major problem around
the world, including here in Minnesota
• Half of the world’s population…3 billion
people!...don’t have access to clean water
The White T-Shirt Metaphor
• Clean water is like a new
white t-shirt. Each time
you wear it, it gets a little
dirtier. Each time you
wash it, it is a little less
white.
• Each time clean water is
used, it gets a little dirtier.
Each time you “clean” it, it
stays a little less clean.
CONSERVE WATER!