Transcript A trait is - Mrscienceut.net

Adaptations
&You!
You are made of
traits.
What is a trait?
A trait is …
a distinct characteristic (hair color,
height, etc.) of an organism that
may be inherited or acquired.
What’s the difference between an
inherited and acquired trait?
Acquired Trait …
A characteristic that is
learned or obtained through
experience. It is not passed on
to offspring.
Examples of acquired
traits.
Inherited Trait …
A characteristic that is
passed from parent to
offspring through the process
of genetics.
Examples of inherited
traits.
How do you get an
inherited trait?
An inherited trait is
passed on during
reproduction.
There are two types of
reproduction …
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction is
reproduction without
sex.
You only need one
parent.
The offspring is/are
identical to the parent.
You can’t identify
offspring or parent.
There are two
types of asexual
reproduction.
Fission – the parent splits into
two or more identical organisms.
Examples
Fragmentation/regeneration –
the parent breaks into different
fragments and each grow into a
new organism.
Examples
Sexual Reproduction
Reproduction with two
parents – a male and
female.
The female produces an
egg.
The male produces
sperm.
When the egg & sperm
unite, offspring are
produced.
Offspring are similar to,
but different, from the
parents.
Half of the genetic
material comes from
each parent.
Asexual Reproduction
Advantages
Fast
Easy
Don’t have to find
a partner
Don’t have to travel
Less can go wrong
Don’t have to raise
offspring
Disadvantages
No variety
Sexual Reproduction
Advantages
Variety
Disadvantages
Slow
Complex
Have to have a
partner
May have to travel
Much can go
wrong
Time raising
offspring
Now we know about traits,
what do they do for us?
They are responsible for
survival in an
environment.
Traits help an organism
adapt to its environment.
Adaptations - Characteristics
that give an organism a
better chance of survival.
There are two types of
adaptations.
The first type is structural
adaptations.
These are the inherited traits.
The second type is behavioral
adaptations.
These are the acquired traits.
Structural traits help
an organism survive in
certain environments.
Bird beaks are great
examples of adaptations.
Beak
Food
Seed eater. The bill is
strong and used to crack
open seeds.
Cracker
Beak
Food
Insect eater. They are used
to pick insects off leaves,
twigs, and bark.
Tweezers
Insect eater. Chisel is used
to get insects under bark.
Chisel
Nectar eater. Uses needle
beak to get into flowers to
get the nectar.
Needle
Hook
Meat eater. Used to bite the
skull or neck; tears the
body into pieces small
enough to swallow.
When is a trait a
disadvantage?
When the environment
changes.
Look at bird beaks again.
What’s a seed eater to do if
the seeds are gone?
The beak is so strong it will
smash insects & fruits.
What good is white fur if it
never snows?
Webbed feet are not that
helpful on the land.
What are some unique
adaptations & traits?
How about mimicry?
(resemblance of a species to another
species or natural objects; provides
concealment and protection from
predators).
The Monarch and Viceroy
The monarch is a
bitter-tasting
butterfly.
The viceroy
mimics the
monarch.
The Honey Bee and Syrphid Fly
The honey bee has
a nasty sting
predators avoid.
The syrphid fly
mimics the honey
bee.
The Coral & Scarlet King Snakes
The coral snake is
poisonous.
The scarlet king
snake mimics the
coral snake.
"Red on yellow, kill a fellow. Red on black,
won't hurt Jack."
The Orchid and the Mantid
The orchid
attracts insects
for pollination.
The orchid mantid
mimics the orchid in
order to catch prey.
We can
selectively choose
traits for plants
and animals.
The original corn was
tough and had little taste.
We have selectively chosen
corn traits; our corn is
now soft and sweet.
100 years ago, cows gave less
milk than they do today.
Through selective breeding,
cows give more milk than
in the past.
Dogs have been
selectively bred for
desired traits.
?
Body structure is also
adapted to a specific
environment.
Birds have hollow bones and
other specialized bones to aid
flight.
Hair and blubber
insults the body.
The otter’s hair
concentration is
between 170,000 –
1,062,000 per square
inch.
Hair and blubber
insults the body.
The shape of a fish’s
body helps it move
through the water.
That’s a quick overview
of adaptations.