Transcript 11.Bacterial Diseases in Mango

Bacterial Diseases in Mango
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Generally two types of bacterial disease commonly observed in
banana. One is Pseudomonas Wilt and another one is Erwinia Rot.
Wilting of terminal leaves is the symptom of Pseudomonas Wilt.
Disease can be minimized by exposing soil to sunlight.2, 4-D and 2, 4;
5-T can be used to kill infected plants. Erwinia rot is commonly known
as soft rot of Rhizome. Yellowing and wilting of the leaves are the
characteristic symptoms. Soil and plant drenching with bleaching
powder at 2 g/l water at an interval of 10-15 days was found effective
in controlling the erwinia rot.
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There are two bacterial diseases in banana:
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Pseudomonas Wilt
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Erwinia Rot
Pseudomonas wilt
Symptoms:
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This disease occurs in scattered plants or groups of plants.
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The initial symptom is wilting of terminal leaves, followed in 2-3 days
by a sudden and permanent wilt.
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Adventitious roots may develop on the main stems.
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Additional symptoms include vascular browning, water soaking of pith
followed by browning, and in later stages browning of cortex near the
soil line.
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Bacteria streaming can be seen when a freshly cut stem is
suspended in water.
Mode of spread:
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The pathogen survives in soil for extended periods without a host
plant.
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It enters roots through wounds, which may be caused by insects,
nematodes, and cultivation.
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High temperature and high soil moisture favor disease development.
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Disease can be minimized by exposing soil to sunlight.
Selection of healthy planting material, eradication of infected plants.
Disinfecting cutting knives and providing better drainage.
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Flower visiting insects are main agents for transmitting the disease
and this is good reason for following the practice of removing the bud
from the male axis before the bunch matures.
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Herbicides, e.g., 2, 4-D and 2, 4, 5-T, can be used to kill infected
plants in situ and dieldrin sprayed onto a chopped down mat will
prevent insects transmitting the disease to the unaffected plants.
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Disease affected plants
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Infected fruit
Infected stem
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This is a minor bacterial disease, but causing concern in West
Bengal.
Symptoms
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It is characterized by a massive soft odorous rot of the centre or a
portion of the rhizome. The rot progresses up the pseudostem
destroying the growing point and causing internal decay often with
vascular discoloration.
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Externally, the symptoms sometimes resemble those of Fusarium
wilt.
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Yellowing and wilting of the leaves are the characteristic symptoms.
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Soil drenching with bleaching
powder was found beneficial.
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Soil and plant drenching with
bleaching powder at 2 g/l water
at an interval of 10-15 days was
found effective in controlling the
disease.
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Avoid planting during rainy
season and in soils, which do
not have good drainage.
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Select infection free suckers for
planting and should be trimmed
to remove dead tissues.
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Banana should not be grown along
with onion and other vegetables.
The soft rot pathogen load
increases in such cropping system.
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Pseudomonas wilt and Erwinia rot commonly noticed bacterial
disease in banana. This disease diversely infest the growth of the
plant.

Pseudomonas wilt – wilting of terminal leaves resulted permanent
wilt of plant – exposing to sun light (control).

Erwinia rot: massive soft odorous of the centre or a portion of the
rhizome – yellowing wilting of leaves – soil drenching with bleaching
powder (control).
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