Transcript What information must be listed on a pesticide label?

WEED CONTROL
What is a Weed??
What is a Weed?
• A weed is a
plant growing
where it is not
wanted.
• Ex. Red rice,
Giant Ragweed
How do weeds affect us??
• 2-Brainstorm….What are some
affects of weeds on our everyday
life?
6 Ways Weeds affect Humans
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Housing pest
Impurities in crops
Poisonous
Allergies
Costly
Aesthetic
Impure seed products
6 ways weeds affect humans
• Housing insects and disease.
• Impurities in agriculture
products.
–Ex.-red rice causes lower yields.
• Poisonous to livestock.
• Allergic reactions-common
ragweed
Why do weeds cost $$?
• Competition for water and
nutrients.
• Competition reduces crop yields.
• Expense of herbicides.
• Contamination of seeds
• Aesthetics
How do weeds compete with
crops?
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Uses nutrients intended for crops.
Competes for growing space.
Interferes with harvest.
Crowds out crops and allows for crop loss.
Review
• Define weed
• The effects of competition on the crop or
yields
• The effects of weeds on humans and
livestock
• The aesthetic effects of weeds in home
yards and public areas
• The economic effects on crop yields.
Identifying Weeds
• Weeds can be classified based upon their:
– Lifecycle
– Persistence
– Leaf Structure
Weed Lifecycles
• Annuals– Grow from seed and complete their life cycle in
one growing season
• Biennials– Complete their life cycle in two growing seasons
• Perennials
– Require two or more years to complete their
lifecycle
Persistence
• Common Weeds:
– These are more persistent and may or may not be
vigorous.
– Cause serious problems to farmers because they reoccur
so often
– Mostly annuals
• Noxious Weeds:
– Most undesirable
– Persistent growth makes them hard to control
• Leaf Structure:
– Grasses
– Broadleaf
Identifying Common Weeds
• Weed ID Project
– You must collect 15 different common weeds
– Label each weed, identifying their:
• lifecycle
• Persistence
• leaf structure.
Review
• Major Weed Categories:
– Lifecycle
• Annual
• Biennial
• Perennial
– Persistence
• Common
• Noxious
• Leaf structure
– Weed ID Project
Student Learning Objective
• Describe the methods of weed control.
• Determine the use of chemicals to control
weeds.
• Explain alternative methods of weed control.
• Describe methods of weed management.
Methods for weed control
1. Mechanical: hand pulling, hoeing, tractor cultivation, etc.
2. Biological: using parasites, predators, genetic engineering, etc
3. Cultural: cropping practices, host resistance, sanitation, varying planting
dates
4. Chemical controls: use of herbicides.
•Herbicides are classified as either:
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Selective - kill only certain types of plants
Nonselective - kill all plants they come in contact with
Herbicides are classified further according to the time they are
applied.
Pre-emergent
Post-emergent
What is the most common
control practice? Why?
• Chemical control is still the most popular
form.
What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
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What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
Brand, trade, or product name
Ingredient statement
Manufacturer
Registration number
Establishment number
Classification statement
Directions for use
Signal words and symbol
Precautionary statements
What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
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Statement of practical treatment
Environmental hazard statement
Re-entry statement
Storage and disposal statement
Mixing and Loading Pesticides
• Follow all instructions provided on the pesticide label.
• The most serious pesticide poisonings occur during
mixing and loading.
Protective Clothing and Equipment
• Refer to the pesticide label to determine the proper
protective clothing and equipment to use.
• Look for the signal words on the label.
– Caution
– Warning
– Danger
Applying Pesticides
• Some pesticides require extra personal protective
equipment.
• This is why it is important to follow all information
provided on the label.
Alternative Methods of Weed Control
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Hoeing and hand weeding
Use of mulch to smother weeds
Cultivating
Mowing
Burning
Disadvantages of Alternative Weed
Control
• Labor intensive
• Unrealistic for large crops and pastures
Integrated Pest Management
(IPM)
• Used to:
– Manage crop diseases
– Managing insect pests
– Managing weeds
What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
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Brand, trade, or product name
Ingredient statement
Manufacturer
Registration number
Establishment number
Classification statement
Directions for use
Signal words and symbol
Precautionary statements
What information must be listed on a
pesticide label?
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Statement of practical treatment
Environmental hazard statement
Re-entry statement
Storage and disposal statement
Weeds Classed According to Lifecycle
• Annuals
• Biannuals
• Perennials
Weeds Classed According to Plant Type
• Grasses
• Broad Leaves
• Sedges
Weeds Classed According to
Persistence
• Common Weeds
• Noxious Weeds