Transcript System Of Rice Intensification in Andhra Pradesh - SRI

2nd National Symposium
3rd -5th October, Agartala
System of Rice Intensification in
Andhra Pradesh
Department of Agriculture
Andhra Pradesh
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General scenario of rice
 Rice is the most important food crop of India, and it
occupies 23.3% of gross cropped area of the country.
 Rice contributes 43% of total food grains production.
 AP stands 6th in area, 3rd in production, and 2nd in
productivity and contributes nearly 12% of the national
rice production.
 AP farmers grow rice annually in an area of 3.98 M Ha
in 22 districts.
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Need for SRI
• Depletion of water resources
• Stagnating rice productivity
• Growing importance of organic agriculture
• Increasing production costs
• Need best utilization of family labour for
small and marginal farmers.
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Six key principles of SRI
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1. Young-aged seedlings
2. Careful single seedling transplanting
3. Wider spacing
4. Water management
5. Weeding
6. Compost/organic manuring
4
SRI technology uses:
• Less water
• Less seed (2 kg/ac)
• Fewer plants per unit area (25 x 25 cm)
• Less chemical fertilizers
• More organic manures
• Less pesticides
5
Tillering is greatly increased:
 30 tillers per plant are fairly easy to achieve
 50 tillers per plant are quite attainable
 With really good use of SRI, individual plants can
have 100 fertile tillers or even more. Why?
Because there is no set-back to plant growth thanks to
early and careful transplanting and no die-back of roots
 Maximum tillering occurs concurrently with panicle
initiation
 With SRI, a positive correlation is found between the
number of panicles per plant and number of grains
per panicle
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Increased tillers
Increased tillers
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Increased yields
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Conventional
method
SRI method
25kg/acre
2kg/acre
5 cents/acre
1 cent/acre
30 days(5-6 leaves)
8-12 days(2 leaves)
15 cm x 10 cm
25 cm x 25 cm
Plants/hill
3-4
1
Hills/ sq.m
33
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Manual/chemical
Mechanical
Continuous
inundation
Keep soil moist till
panicle initiation
stage
Seed rate
Nursery area
Age of seedlings
Spacing
Weeding
Water management
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Benefits of SRI
1. Higher yields – of both grain and straw
2. Reduced duration of crop cycle (by 10-15 days)
3. Less chemical inputs
4. Less water requirement
5. Less chaffy grain (%)
6. Grain weight increased without change in grain size
7. Higher head rice recovery rate
8. Withstands cyclonic gales
9. Soil health improves through biological activity
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Observations in these demonstrations
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Increase in yield by 26.68%
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Reduction in cost of cultivation
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Lower seed rate
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Less use of fertilizers and pesticides
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Fewer non-filled grains
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More grain weight
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More rice recovery
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Non-lodging
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Harvest early by 10 days
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Action Plan for 2007-08 :
Kharif 2007 - Rs. 91.945 lakhs
Incentive of Rs. 3500/- per acre demonstration
Component
Total cost (Rs)
Subsidy allowed (Rs)
Application of vermicompost
(1 ton/acre)
4000-00
1000-00 (25% subsidy)
Supply of cono-weeders
and markers
3000-00
2250-00 ( 75% subsidy)
250-00
250-00 (full cost )
7250-00
3500-00
Erection of demonstration
board
Total
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SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION( SRI )
CULTIVATION PARTICULARS, 2003-04 TO 2006-07
IN ANDHRA PRADESH
Year
Rice area covered in Ha.
(in 000)
Kharif
Rabi
Total
Rice area covered in
SRI cultivation in Ha.
Kharif
Rabi
Total
2003-04
2,109
866
2,975
28
190
218
2004-05
2,215
871
3,086
240
2,451
2,691
2005-06
2,526
1,456
3,982
1,127
6,306
7,433
2006-07
2,641
1,337
3,978
3,061
2,480
5,541
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Productivity recorded under
SRI demonstrations
Year
Season
Number of
Demonstration
plots
organised
Yield in
SRI methods
Paddy kg/ha
Yield in
conventional
methods
Paddy/kg ha
Yield
advantage
Paddy kg/ ha
Percentage
SRI increase
in yield over
conventional
methods
2003-04
Kharif
69
8,358
4,887
3,471
41.5
Rabi
476
7,917
5,479
2,438
31.8
Kharif
599
7,310
5,561
1,749
24
Rabi
311
7,310
5,777
1,533
21
Kharif
2,864
7,476
5,451
2,025
27
Rabi
12,277
7,390
5,620
1,770
24
Kharif
7,653
6,724
5,005
1,719
25.6
Rabi
6,201
6,830
5,558
1,272
18.6
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
Average increase in yield – 26.68%
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CONSTRAINTS IN ADOPTION OF SRI
No clear specifications regarding the designs of markers
and weeders most suitable under different soil types
Labourers are facing difficulty to carry out the SRI
practices, particularly in weeding with present-designed
weeder.
Farmers are facing operational difficulties to adopt SRI in
larger areas.
There is no specific recommendation of percentage of
water saving by adopting SRI technology.
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SUGGESTIONS FOR SCALING UP SRI METHOD
Seed Village concept should be encouraged with SRI
Mass media can be utilized for wide publicity
Capacity-building of farmers, tenant farmers, extension
staff, NGOs, and labourers is needed.
Studies on varietal trails should be conducted with SRI
Formulating location-specific package for SRI
Designing of mechanized weeder suitable for different soils
Supply of suitable mechanized weeders and markers on
90% subsidy
Supply of paddy puddler and levelers on 75% subsidy
Intensive training for labourers who are involved in SRI
Cont….
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SUGGESTIONS FOR SCALING UP SRI METHOD
 Supply of recommended chemical fertilisers on 50%
subsidy and vermicompost on 75% subsidy to SRI
farmers
 Supply of knapsack hand compression sprayers on
75% subsidy to SRI farmers
 Organising of field trips and exposure visits
 Supply of green manure seeds on 75% subsidy
 Supply of power tillers on 50% subsidy
 Research on saving of water in SRI technology
 Research on uptake of nutrients in SRI technology
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