Transcript Animals
2nd Science Midterm Review by Teacher Olivia Chapter 3: Looking at Habitats Lesson #1: Places to Live Vocabulary Habitat: A place where plants and animals live. for + *What can animals & plants find in a habitat to live? Animals: food, home/shelter and water Plants: soil, rain/water, sunlight and animals Different kinds of habitats Grassy and warm grassland Wet and grassy pond Cold and snowy arctic Hot and dry desert How do living things use their habitats? Animals: 1) food: plants or other animals 2) shelter: hide and sleep Plants: 1) different soil to grow 2) different weather - dry places: big stems to hold and save water - wet places: big leaves to get rid of extra water 2nd Science Midterm Review Chapter 3 Lesson #2: Food chains and food webs Vocabulary Food chain: a model of the order in which living things get the food they need. - Shows how food energy moves from one living thing to another Food web: 2 or more food chains are connected. - one kind of animal can be food for many bigger animals Food chain & food web both starts with the sun. Vocabulary Predator: an animal that hunts other animals for food (bigger animals) Prey: animals that are hunted by predators (smaller animals) Prey? Food Chain Plants: are ‘producers’ - need sun to make their own food Insects/animals: are ‘herbivore’ - eat plants for food Snakes: are ‘carnivore’ - eat insects for food Hawks: are ‘carnivore’ - eat frogs for food Worms: are ‘decomposers’ - break the dead things up into very small pieces Food Chain 2nd Science Midterm Review Chapter 3 Lesson #3: Habitats Change Vocabulary Drought: a long period of time with little or no rain - plants & animals can not live without water, but too much water will cause flood - flood: when there’s too much water Vocabulary • • Endanger: when many of one kind of animal die and only a few are left Extinct: When a living thing dies out and no more of its kind live on earth Which animals are endangered? Which animal is extinct? Vocabulary - - Fossil: What is left of a living thing from the past scientists get clues and study about habitats of the past from the plants and animal fossils _______ can help tell how animals may have looked or moved. - Predict -If fossils do not match the habitat they were found habitat has changed How do habitat change - Nature disaster can change habitat no water/rain drought too much water floods, typhoons, tsunami fire burn and kill animals or plants Animals can change habitat - beavers make dams pond People can change habitat - cut down plants or trees - build houses or other buildings - pollutions What happens when habitats change? - Animals adapt to the new habitat adaptation find new habitat migrate many of them die endangered or extinct (people hunt them or build on their habitat) 2nd Science Midterm Review by Teacher Olivia Chapter 4: Kinds of Habitats Lesson #1: Forests Vocabulary - Woodland forest: A habitat that gets enough rain and sunlight for trees to grow well Winter is cold Summer is hot Rain forest: A habitat where it rains almost every day - Always warm, steamy and moist Woodland forest Animals : deer, birds, bears, foxes, fish, insects, worms and snakes * different ways to survive: build homes in trees and sleep in logs during the winter sleep through winter when there’s no food hibernate - eat different food (leaves, fruits or animals) in different season - Plants : have leaves that - change color in different season - drop to the ground in the fall - some stay green all year Tropical Rain Forest Animals : - live in the treetops (high): bats, insects, colorful birds live on the ground (low): jaguars, tapirs, wild boars (wild pigs) Plants : - - grow tall and have huge leaves Orchids, ferns & mosses live on trees to get sunlight animals & plants try to blend in with the trees to stay safe camouflage 2nd Science Midterm Review Chapter 4 Lesson #2: Hot and Cold Deserts Vocabulary Desert: a dry habitat that gets very little rain - very hot, dry and sandy Hot during the day Cold at night Arctic: a very cold near the North Pole - - very cold and windy Desert (hot and dry) Weather -Hot during the day -Cold at night Soil - sandy and rocky Plants: cactus - steams & leaves store water - roots spread out far or deep to find water - Leaves curl up during the day (why?) Desert - - Animals tortoises, snails, lizards, coyote need to survive without much water sleep during the day or stay in shed come out at night to hunt for food * Where do they get water? 1. 2. eat plants eat other animals * Why do they have pale skin color? 1. Stay cool 2. Hide from other animals Arctic (cold & dry desert) Animals - foxes, reindeer, polar bears, walruses * How do animals survive & keep warm in the cold winter? 1. 2. thick white fur thick blubber (fat) Arctic - - • • Plants small & short sheltered from cold wind Soil under the surface & stay frozen all year leaves tiny roots shallow (short, not deep) Why do plants have short roots? Why can’t plants grow tall? 2nd Science Midterm Review Chapter 4 Lesson #3: Ocean and Ponds Vocabulary Pond: a small body of fresh water that does not flow - has little or no salt Ocean: a large body of salt water that is always flowing. Pond (fresh water/doesn’t flow) - - Animals frogs, fish, turtles, snakes, insects, alligators breathe in different ways: * insects tube * salamanders skin * fish gills Plants roots grow near the shore stems, leaves, flowers grow out of the water to get sunlight Ocean (salt water) covers most of the earth Animals - fish, sharks, dolphins fins or flippers help them swim jellyfish & squid move by sucking in and forcing out water sea turtles & clams have hard shells Sea star & blow fish have sharp spines • Coral reef: a living ocean habitat Plants - Kelp kind of seaweed - provide food & shelter to other animals Clips Best Luck