Transcript Ecosystems and Biomes

Ecosystems and Biomes
Ecology
The study of living things and their environment
Ecosystems and Biomes
Graphic Organizer
Living Things
need
Homeostasis
Food
Living space
Water
made by
to provide
Autotrophs
eaten by
Heterotrophs
Shelter
Food & water
Ecosystems and Biomes
Some of the things that Living things need are
1) Biotic: Living/once living (Food)
2) Abiotc: Nonliving (water)
Ecosystems and Biomes
Levels of Organization of Living Things
Ecosystems and Biomes
Living Things
and the Environment
Levels of Organization
The smallest level of organization is a single organism, which
belongs to a population that includes other members of its
species.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Living Things
and the Environment
Levels of Organization
The population belongs to a community of different species.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Living Things
and the Environment
Levels of Organization
The community and abiotic factors together form an
ecosystem.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Earth’s Major Cycles
That effect living things
Ecosystems and Biomes - Cycles of Matter
The Water Cycle
The processes of evaporation, condensation, and
precipitation make up the water cycle.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Cycles of Matter
The Carbon and Oxygen Cycles
In ecosystems, the
processes by which
carbon and oxygen are
recycled are linked.
Producers, consumers,
and decomposers play
roles in recycling carbon
and oxygen.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Cycles of Matter
The Nitrogen Cycle
In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen moves from the air to the soil,
into living things, and back into the air.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Food Chains, Webs, and Energy Pyramids
Ecosystems and Biomes - Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Food Chains and Food Webs
The movement of energy though an ecosystem can be
shown in diagrams called food chains and food webs.
- Ocean
Habitats
Ecosystems and
Biomes
Ocean Food Web
This ocean food web includes typical organisms found in the
Arctic Ocean. The arrows indicate what each organism eats.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Energy Flow
in Ecosystems
The amount
of energy
available
decreases
as you move
up the
pryamid
Ecosystems and Biomes
Earth’s Biomes
Land and Aquatic
Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes
Rain Forest Biomes
Temperate rain forests receive a great deal of rain and have
moderate temperatures.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes
Rain Forest Biomes
Tropical rain forests are wet, warm biomes that contain an
amazing variety of plants and other organisms.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes
Desert Biomes
A desert is an area that receives less than 25 centimeters of
rain per year.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes
Grassland Biomes
A grassland is an area that is populated mostly by grasses
and other nonwoody plants.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes
Deciduous Forest Biomes
Many of the trees in the deciduous forest are deciduous
trees, which shed their leaves and grow new ones each year.
A deciduous forest receives at least 50 centimeters of
precipitation each year. Temperatures vary greatly through
the year.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes
Boreal Forest (Tiaga) Biomes
Most of the trees in the boreal forest are coniferous trees,
trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves
shaped like needles. Winters in the boreal forest are cold and
very snowy, but summers are warm and rainy enough to melt
all the snow.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes
Tundra
The tundra is an extremely cold and dry biome. Most of the
soil in the tundra is permafrost, which is frozen all year.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Biomes
Comparing and Contrasting
As you read, compare and contrast the different biomes by
completing a table like the one below.
Characteristic
Temperature
Tropical
Rain
Forest
Warm all
year
Tundra
Temperate
Rain
Forest
Desert
Grassland
Deciduous
Forest
Boreal
Forest
Cold all
year
Cool
winters,
warm in
summer
Usually hot
with great
daily
extremes
Temps
vary
throughout
the year
Warm in
summer,
cold in
winter
Warm to cool
in summer,
cold in winter
Dry all year
Mostly dry
with a wet
season
Moderate
rainfall
Abundant
rain and
snow
Gamble’s
quail
Grasses
Red fox
Lynx
Precipitation
Wet all year
Dry all year
Rather wet
all year
Typical
organisms
Orangutan
Mosses
Mule deer
Ecosystems and Biomes - Aquatic Ecosystems
Marine Ecosystems
The ocean is home to a number of different ecosystems.
Factors such as water temperature and the amount of
sunlight determine what types of organisms can live in each
zone.
Ecosystems and Biomes - Aquatic Ecosystems
Marine Ecosystems
The ocean is home to a number of different ecosystems.
Factors such as water temperature and the amount of
sunlight determine what types of organisms can live in each
zone.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Rivers
Headwaters
Tributary
Flood Plain
Meander
Ocean
Delta
Mouth
Ecosystems and Biomes
How can an Ecosystem Change?
Succession
Ecosystems and Biomes
Changes in
Communities
Primary Succession
Primary succession is the
series of changes that occur in
an area where no soil or
organisms exist.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Changes in
Communities
Secondary Succession
Secondary succession is the series of changes that occur in
an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where
soil and organisms still exist.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Climate Change
Human Impact on the environment
- Freshwater Pollution
Ecosystems and Biomes
What Is Pollution?
Water pollution is the addition of any substance that has a
negative effect on water or the living things that depend on
the water.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Water Pollution
and Solutions
Water Pollution
Wastes produced by
households, agriculture,
industry, mining, and other
human activities can end up
in water.
- Freshwater Pollution
Ecosystems and Biomes
Effects of Pollutants
A very small amount of a pesticide in water can build up to
harmful levels in living things.
- Freshwater Pollution
Ecosystems and Biomes
Pollution Solutions
People can prevent or clean up
pollution in many ways.
Ecosystems and Biomes
Global Changes
in the Atmosphere
Global Climate Change
The trapping of heat near Earth’s surface is called the
greenhouse effect.