Transcript Organic Rose Culture

Organic Gardening
Deb Shubat, UMD Horticulture
Instructor and Organic Grower
Organic plant Culture/ basics
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Select Hardy Varieties
own root, if possible
Select disease resistant varieties
Proper light exposure for the plant
Water at the roots ( keep leaves dry)
Feed perennials in spring
Be compulsive with soil preparation
Sanitation, rouging, scouting
Amending Clay Soil
• Clay, Gaack
– If you have clay, make raised beds
– Roots of all terrestrial plants must have O2
– Drainage essential, especially over winter
– Organic matter, sand, perlite, gypsum
Organic Soil mixes for pots and
seedlings
• Approved components
– Peat
– Vermiculite
– Perlite ( krum)
– Lime (mined)
– Wood ash
– Blood meal
– Bone meal
– Yucca juice
Organic Soil mixes
• For Tomatoes in pots
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5 gal peat
5 gal loam
2.5 gal vermiculite
2 C “special recipe”
fertilizer
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3 C bone meal
2 C sifted wood ash
1 C blood meal
2 C dolomitic lime
Organic Soil mixes
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Seed Germination mix
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4 gal peat
1 gal vermiculite
1 gal perlite
¼ C special recipe fertilizer
1/4C Yucca juice mixed in
2 C water
• Chamomile tea Fungicide
– 2 C boiling water over 4 tea
bags
– put in spray bottle or H2O
can
– Contains potassium,
Calcium and Sulfur
Hints for growing seedlings
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Use low or no fertilizer in mix
Don’t use “wild” soil, use pasteurized
Transplant when there are 2 true leaves
Don’t let them get pot bound
Fertilize seedlings (¼ strength)
Shake or move the seedlings ( causing
thigmomorphogenesis)
• 4,4’flouescent bulbs 6”above seedlings
Nutrients
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Sustain
Kelp and Fish emulsion
Crimson clover as green manure
Compost (fish enhanced) as mulch
– I do Brew compost tea occasionally
– I use alfalfa and chamomile tea on seedlings
Nutrients
• Most commercial fish emulsions = 5-1-1.
Most commercial liquid seaweed sprays =
0-0-1.
• Combination is the best
• Compost Tea’s nutrient value depends on
your recipe
• Warning: There is a fish recipe on the next
slide
Fish fertilizer
• If you are using fresh fish, you need to compost it
separately in a 5 gallon closeable bucket. Fill bucket 1/2
full with extra browns ( high Carbon) like sawdust, leaves,
or straw. You can add molasses to the fishy mixture in
order to build up microbes in order to speed up
decomposition. The sugars will also help control odors
too. Open the bucket and stir the fishy paste daily or
every other day in order to get air in the mix for better
decomposition and better aerobic microbial growth in the
emulsion. Let this paste rot for at least 1-2 weeks. The
browns help control offensive odors and absorb organic
nitrogen from the fish so that it is not leached out or
evaporated.
Fish fertilizer
• You can now safely take the decomposed fish
paste from the 5 gallon bucket and add it to your
regular hot composting piles or add it to your
special compost tea recipes. The more
vegetable or fruity organic matter that you add
to fishy compost the better you remove the
offensive smells and the more trace elements
you add to your compost and teas. This of
course is optional.
• Note: Your dog may volunteer to turn your
compost!
Compost tea
• One version of vegetarian compost tea
• Place in a large 32-gal. trash can:
• 12 cups Alfalfa Pellets (make sure they don't
contain salt),
• 6 cups Cottonseed Meal
• 2 cups Epsom Salts.
• Fill it up with water,
• Turn on a bubble stone
• Cover, and let it brew in the sun for about 4
days.
It works for everything!
Lime-Sulfur
• Lime Sulfur should mainly be used as a
DORMANT SPRAY TO CLEAN UP
OVER-WINTERING INSECTS AND
DISEASE INFECTIONS.
• MIX 2 parts LIME SULFUR AND 1 PART
DORMANT OIL FOR COMBINATION
SPRAY ( lime –Sulfur stains wood and
stone)
Organic Pest Control/ Deer
• Shoot and eat
• Tie white plastic bags to the trees at
browse height – replace every few months
• Fence
• Repel: rotten eggs and bitters
– Two eggs, 2T bitters,1qt water and 4 drops
soap in blender, put in sprayer and apply
before the eggs rot.
Organic Pest Control/ Voles
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Shoot and eat
Get Cats
Trap
Keep grass mowed
Feed them bubble gum
New formulation soon to be
Organically approved!!! 1/06
Organic Pest Control/Dormant Spray
• Timing for Dormant Spray:
Apply in early spring when danger of frost
is past, before leaf buds show green at
tips. Wet all parts of woodies thoroughly
but do not overspray. Spray on a mild
morning to allow mixture to dry quickly do
not spray during freezing or hot weather.
Organic Pest Control/Dormant Spray
• Dormant oil
– Covers insects that over winter on woody
trunks and stems
– Smothers them
– 2T oil, 3 drops soap, 1 qt water
Insect Pest Control
Rose Slug
Pest Control/ insects
Butterfly or moth
Bt kills these
Sawfly larva
Pest Control/ insects
• Insecticidal soap
– Safers – 5T.gal
– Murphys oil soap 2T/gal
– Dr Bronners 5T/gal
– Ivory liquid 5T/gal
Organic insect Pest Control
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hand picking
paper wasps eat some larvae
Sticky traps in confined situations
Reflective mulch
Steinernema
Mint kills or repels wasps
www.victorpest.com
Organic Pest Control/insects
• Biological Control
– Lady beetles ( Use native
ladybugs!)
– Lacewings
– Hoverflies ( syrphid flys)
– Bt
– Nematodes
Organic Disease Control/fungi
• Acetic Acid (vinegar) shown to control
fungus
– 3 tablespoons of Apple Cider Vinegar to 5
liters of water.
• Powdery Mildew
– 1C whole milk to 7 C water + 2 T canola oil
– 4 tsp Hort oil, 1tsp baking soda, 3drops soap,
1QT water
Cleaning contaminated soil
• Mustard greens have a very active ability
to capture lead in soil. Growing several
throw away crops of mustard greens can
rid the soil of lead and other heavy metals
such as cadmium, chromium and nickel.
– The Avant Gardener April 2008
Organic Disease Control/fungi
• Spice powders have antifungal properties
– Cinnamon is able to inhibit growth of damping
off fungi
– Carnation ( Dianthus caryophyllus)
– Garlic
– Thyme
– All were effective against damping off
– Powders could be used as a seed treatment
– Journal of Plant protection Vol 47, Issue3, Sept 07
Stimulate Plant’s Resistance
• Aspirin is an activator of "systemic acquired
resistance" (SAR).
• spray a few plants with a 1:10,000 solution, (3
aspirins dissolved in 4 gallons of water) on a few
plants, leaving other plants of the same species
unsprayed (as a control). The SAR activation
lasts from weeks to months*.
• Also you can soak seed in the same solution to
stimulate seed germination
– *Avant Gardener 1/04
Stimulate Plant Growth
Alfalfa contains Triacontanol a plant growth
regulator
• Plants treated with Triacontinol show
greater leaf number and fruit yields
• Seedling stimulator
• Plants mulched with alfalfa hay show
increased growth
New Growth Stimulator
Chitin , Chitosan, is made from the shells of
crab and other crustaceans. It has proved to
act like a natural fungicide. It mimics fungal
diseases ( fungi have chitin) and its presence
fools plants into activating their natural
defenses such as Botrytis and powdery
mildew.
Chitosan has been also shown to stimulate
the growth and yields of various crops,
squash, potato, tomato and cabbage
Get out the Hookah!
• Smoke water made from bubbling smoke
from burning grasses through water acts
like a plant growth hormone
• Smoke water was diluted 1:500
• Treatment :2X a week followed by a third
with plain water
• Tomato plants produced 25% more fruit
• Active ingredient: butenolide
Reduce Vole Populations
• New Vole Bait Rodentrol
• Made from Corn cobs, corn syrup and
molasses and more.
• Not toxic to pets or humans
• Will be submitted to the Organic Materials
Review Institute
• www.rodentrol.com