Transcript The guide (Power Point v. 97 presentation) - CLO-PLA

Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
This presentation will help you
to understand the data stored
in CLO-PLA3
Contents (1/2)
1. TRAITS
1.1 Structure of output data
1.2 Explanation of traits
1.2.1 Whole-plant traits
1.2.2 Bud bank traits
1.2.3 Clonal growth traits
1.2.3.1 Examples
1.2.4 Additional data
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
This presentation will help you
to understand the data stored
in CLO-PLA3
Contents (2/2)
2. VARIABLES
2.1 List of traits and variables
2.2 Description of CGO types
2.3 Description of bud bank types
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1. TRAITS
The output
table consists of five
blocks, marked
with different colours.
The output form for
Fragaria viridis is used
as an example.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.1 Structure of output data
Whole-plant traits
Clonal growth traits
Additional
additional data
data
Reference
Bud bank traits
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2 Explanation of traits
A brief explanation of
traits follows on next
slides. For morphological
terms see glossary
(accessible from
the main menu).
Guide to traits Guide
used in
to CLO-PLA3
traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2 Explanation of traits
1.2.1. Whole-plant traits
Does primary root survive over entire plant life-span?
How does the plant reproduce?
(literature data only)
Does the plant develop
a storage organ
not utilized for
clonal growth?
At which age the plant
flowers for the first time?
What is the life-span
of the genet?
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.2. Bud bank traits
Bud bank includes
all buds on a plant
which are at disposal
for vegetative regeneration.
Vertical distribution
of buds in five layers.
Categorized numbers of buds per shoot and layer
in well developed plants assessed from
the number of nodes or leaves.
Types of the bud bank
derived from
the mode of perennation
of bud-bearing organs.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits
Types of CGO (clonal growth organs) are delimited
using plant morphology: origin of CGO (stem, root, leaf),
its placement relative to soil surface (above-ground,
below-ground), its storage function. This classification
of CGOs includes 17 categories (numbered 1 to 17).
For a detailed description see section 2.2.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits
Clonal growth
traits are evaluated
for particular
CGO separately,
one plant may have
more CGOs (see
examples on next
two slides).
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits
1.2.3.1 Examples (1/2)
t1
a
b
t0
t1
t2
t3
t4
Growth of Fragaria viridis, a species combining necessary and additive clonal growth organs.
The short epigeogenous rhizome ("a" in the figure) is a necessary clonal growth organ (CGO) and above-ground horizontal
rooting stem (stolon) is an additive CGO. The epigeogenous rhizome is formed by perennial stem bases of sympodial shoots.
The rhizome growing at the soil surface has shortened internodes and is gradually pulled below the soil surface by roots.
Its youngest parts bear green leaves at the nodes. During the current year (t0), the shoot consists of a leaf rosette (thick
arrow). Its apical meristem develops an inflorescence in the second year. In the same year an offspring rosette arises from
the axil of the uppermost leaf of the rosette. Generations of the shoots overlap and the plant flowers every year (t0 and t1; the
dotted flowering shoot was formed in spring and died in autumn of the t0 year). The above-ground rooting stem consists
of several generations of offspring shoots which arose during one season. Their first internodium is always long and is
followed by several short internodes. The spacer between offspring rosettes splits in winter. Offspring plants grow several
years (t1, t2, t3) as rosette shoots and produce their first stolons in the fifth year (t4), sometimes from the second year already.
The offspring flowers usually in the fifth year of its life (t4).
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits
1.2.3.1 Examples (2/2)
a
t1
b
t0
t1
t2
t3
Growth of Geranium sanguineum, a species with necessary and regenerative clonal growth organs (CGO).
The hypogeogenous rhizome is an necessary CGO (a), adventitious sprouting from injured roots functions is a regenerative
CGO (b). The hypogeogenous rhizome is formed by perennial bases of sympodially growing shoots (a). The bases are parts
of shoots growing horizontally below the soil surface and bearing scale leaves. Above-ground parts of the shoots are
non-rosette and annual, flowering every year (t0 and t1; the dotted shoot was formed last spring and died last autumn). Size
of sprouts originated on root fragments are similar to those of seedlings. The shoots are replaced by sympodially growing
new ones every year, producing hypogeogenous rhizomes with short increments. It takes several years (t1, t2, t3) before
the new shoots flower for the first time.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits (1/6)
If all adult plants in all populations develop
a clonal growth organ (CGO), its role is considered
as necessary. If CGO is not needed for flowering and
ovewintering of a plant and its is absent in some
plants or populations, its role is considered as additive.
If a CGO develops after an injury, its role
is considered as regenerative.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits (2/6)
Persistence of connection, such as stolons or rhizomes,
between parent and offspring ramets.
Monocyclic / dicyclic / polycyclic shoots.
Cycle length corresponds to the life-span of a shoot,
starting by sprouting of a bud, followed by vegetative
growth, flowering and fruiting, until shoot death.
Rate of clonal multiplication.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits (3/6)
Increment of clonal growth organ in horizontal
direction. Some water plants form turions
or tubers which can be dispersed
independently of the parent plant.
Dichotomous branching results in two equal
branches. Indefinite vegetative growth of apical
meristem with flowers produced on side branches
is called monopodial. If apical meristem terminates
its growth by producing generative organs and
its growth is taken over by lateral branches, plant
growth is sympodial. This concept is applicable
only to stems, not to adventitious sprouting
from leaves and roots.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits (4/6)
Offspring tillers may grow either
vertically within sheath of subtending leaf
(intravaginal growth) or horizontally,
breaking through sheath of subtending leaf
(extravaginal growth). Both types
are sometimes combined in one species.
In some plants are roots initiated on clonal growth
organs of stem origin concentrated at distal or proximal
part of the clonal growth organs (CGO), or are distributed
regularly along the CGO. Not applicable to the following
CGOs: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits (5/6)
Leaves are either regularly distributed along
the stem (no rosette) or partly concentrated at plant
base (semirosette) or middle and upper cauline
leaves are missing and all leaves develop at shoot
base near the ground (rosette). This trait is for
monopodial plants defined for flowering
shoots only. Dicyclic shoots bearing a rosette
in the first year of plant life and tall leafy
shoot in the second year are classified as
semirosettes even if rosette leaves decay
at the time of flowering already.
Clonal offsprings of plants are either
about as large as parent ramets
or considerably smaller.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.3. Clonal growth traits (6/6)
When in ontogeny clonal type of clonal growth
organs are formed: before, after, or at the time
of generative reproduction.
Shoot generations of sympodially growing
plants may but need not overlap.
In monopodially growing plants shoot
generations always overlap.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.4. Additional data (1/2)
Filled only if the investigations
were made on living plants by
the authors of the database.
Geographical coordinates.
Name of the person who identified
the studied plant material.
Type of data.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
1.2.4. Additional data (2/2)
Link to photographs of the herbarium
specimens used in the study.
Geographical area from which
the data originated.
Type of the habitat from
which the data originated.
Link to photographs
of the studied plants.
Link to a B&W ink drawings
of the studied plants.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2. VARIABLES
All variables in the
output form are
categorical.
The Fragaria viridis
output form is used
as an example.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.1 List of traits and variables
Whole-plant traits
Categories
Tap root persistence
yes / no
Reproduction types
vegetative / generative / vegetative & generative
Other storage organs
yes / no
Bud bank seasonality
perennial (1) / seasonal (2) / potential (3) / 1 & 3 / 2 & 3
Bud bank numbers
0 / 1-10 / >10
Clonal growth organs traits
Role
necessary / additive / regenerative
Cyclicity [years]
1 / 2 / >2
Persistence [years]
1 / 2 / >2
No. of shoots/parent shoot/year
<1 / 1 / 2 to 10 / >10
Lateral spread [m/year]
<0.01 / 0.01 to 0.25 / >0.25 / dispersable
Branching
monopodial / sympodial / dichotomic
Tillering in graminoids
intravaginal / extravaginal / intra- and extravaginal
Roots along CGO
along horizontal stem / on oldest part / on youngest part /
on shoot base / not applicable
Shoot architecture
no-rosette / semi-rosette / rosette
Offspring in comparison with parent
about the same / much smaller
Reproduction vs. clonality
prereproductive / reproductive / postreproductive
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (1/17)
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Clonal growth organ rooting in the soil
and providing connection between offspring
plants or formed by a creeping axis
of a plant; nodes on the stem bear leaves,
internodes are usually long, the stem serves
as a storage organ and a bud bank;
vegetative spreading may be fast and
persistence of the horizontal above-ground
stems differs considerably among species.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (2/17)
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Detachable over-wintering
buds of water plants composed
of tightly arranged leaves filled
by storage compounds; the turion
develops axially or apically,
are usually dormant and need
vernalization to re-grow.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (3/17)
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Small vegetative diaspores produced
in axils of leaves on stems above-ground;
depending on the location of storage
within the buds they are called bulbils
(storage located in scale leaves) or stem
tubercules (storage located in the stem
part); they soon fall down from the parent
plant and immediately start to grow, having
no dormancy; young plants regenerating
from bulbils and tubercules resemble
seedlings in their morphology and size.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (4/17)
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
A meristem which would normally
develop into a flower, forms a vegetative
bud (plantlet, bulbil, root or stem tubercule)
and may be soon detached from the parent
plant; alternatively the whole inflorescence
lays down and plantlets root at the soil
surface; offspring morphology and size
is similar to seedlings.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (5/17)
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Detached parts of shoot with rooting ability.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (6/17)
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Plant formed by a small frond (e.g. Lemna);
an extremely reduced plant body of aquatic
plants; its growth results in the production
of similar structures which
are soon detached from parent plant.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (7/17)
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Small vegetative diaspores produced
in axils of leaves on stems above-ground;
according the location of storage within
the buds they are called root tubers
(storage located in an adventitious root);
they soon fall down from the parent
plant and immediately start to grow,
having no dormancy; young plants
regenerating from tubercules resemble
seedlings in their morphology and size.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (8/17)
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Adventitious buds on leaves formed
after shedding or detaching of leaves
from the parent plant; on bare wet
soil they develop into plantlets
resembling seedlings in their
morphology and size.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (9/17)
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Perennating stem-originated organ
formed above-ground (Serebrjakov
and Serebrjakova 1965); its distal part
is covered by soil and litter or pulled
into the soil by the contraction of roots;
nodes bear green leaves, the internodes
are usually short; the rhizomes bear
roots and serve as a bud bank
and storage organs; vegetative
spreading is usually slow (up to a few
cm . year-1), persistence of epigeogenous
rhizomes differ considerably among
species.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (10/17)
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Perennating stem-originated organ
formed below-ground
(Serebrjakov and Serebrjakova 1965);
the rhizome usually grows horizontally
at a species-specific depth and after
some time it becomes orthotropic and
forms above-ground shoots; the horizontal
part of the rhizome bears bracts,
a few roots developed at the nodes,
and has long internodes; vegetative
spreading is often fast, up to several
meters . yr-1; persistence of the
hypogeogenous rhizome differs
considerably among species.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (11/17)
11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Plant develops only one perennial tuber
(usually formed by the hypocotyle),
no offspring tubers are produced; in
senescing plants tubers may start
to decay from their center resulting
eventually in plant fragmentation.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (12/17)
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Below-ground, usually short-lived storage
and regenerative organ of shoot origin;
offspring tubers are attached to a parent
tuber or produced at the end of
a hypogeogenous rhizome; the parent plant
dies back in autumn, except for the stem
tuber(s) which bear one
dominant bud, each utilised for spring
regrowth; in summer old tubers decay and
new ones are formed; in addition some plants
produce smaller tubers and/or tubercules;
plants growing from them resemble
in morphology and size seedlings.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (13/17)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
13
Storage organ consisting of storage
leaves and a shortened stem base;
the bulb is formed by organs produced
within a single season or in the course
of several seasons; by itself it represents
one renewal bud; in addition, some
plants produce smaller bulbs and/or
bulbils; plants growing from them
morphologically and in size resemble
seedlings.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (14/17)
14
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Plant possessing a primary root system
without adventitious roots and buds;
senescing tap root of old plants decays
from the root center, in some species
causing plant fragmentation; an old
individual genet disintegrates into
ramets bearing parts of the main
root and one or a few shoots; vegetative
spreading is poor; the tap root serves
as a storage organ and vascular link
between shoots; the bud bank is
situated on the perennial bases
of shoots (caudex).
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (15/17)
15
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Plant roots (main root including the
hypocotyle, and adventitious roots) form
adventitious buds spontaneously or after
an injury; when buds are formed
on horizontal roots they may enable
an extensive clonal growth; persistence
of the roots with adventitious buds
considerably differs among species.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (16/17)
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Below-ground storage organ; in some
plants it serves as a regenerative organ
of root origin bearing a bud or buds
of stem origin; in that case the plant
dies back in autumn, except for the
root tuber(s) with the buds, later utilised
for spring regrowth; in summer old
tubers decay and new ones are formed.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.2 Description of CGO types (17/17)
17
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
rooting horizontal stems at or above soil surface
turions
bulbils and tubers of stem origin at or above soil surface
plantlets (pseudovivipary)
plant fragments of stem origin
budding plants
root tubers at or above soil surface
buds on leaves (gemmipary)
epigeogenous stems
hypogeogenous stems
tuber-splitters
stem tubers
bulbs
root-splitters
adventitious buds on roots
root tubers belowground
offspring tubers at distal end of above-ground stems
Below-ground, usually short-lived storage
and regenerative organ of shoot origin;
offspring tubers are produced at the end of a
horizontal rooting aboveground leafy stem.
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.3 Description of bud bank (BB) types - seasonality of buds
in different layers in relation to the soil surface (1/2)
The ability to form
adventitious buds
on leaves or roots
implies a potential BB.
If there are both
perennial and sesonal
bud-bearing organs
in one layer, the bud
bank is classified as
perennial; combinations
of perennial BB with
potential BB, and
seasonal BB with
potential BB, are
possible.
Buds on bud-bearing
organs persisting
for 2 and more years
form a perennial BB.
layers
>10 cm
10 to 0 cm
0 cm
0 to -10 cm
< - 10 cm
Buds on plant
organs persisting for
less than 2 years
form a seasonal BB.
bud bank
bud bank seasonality
in individual layers
(perennial - 1/ seasonal - 2/
potential - 3/ 1+3 / 1+2)
Guide to traits used in CLO-PLA3
2.3 Description of bud bank (BB) types - numbers of buds
in different layers in relation to the soil surface (2/2)
Bud numbers
on stem plant parts
were assessed according
to nodes, leaves or
leaf-scales.
Bud count was thus indirect
and numbers are
categorized.
layers
>10 cm
10 to 0 cm
0 cm
0 to -10 cm
< - 10 cm
bud bank
numbers of buds
in individual
layers
0, 1-10, >10