Transcript Cymbidium Orchids - Darjeeling Gardens Private Limited

Cultivation of Cymbidium
Presented by : Darjeeling Gardens Private Limited
Deflusking Seedlings

Seedlings inside the bottle

Grab the larger plants and pull to
separate the agar from the bottle of the
jar tenderly and gently with minimum
mortality rate.

Rinse the agar from the root mass
 Soak the plants in a solution of subdue
(systematic fungicides) for about 5 minutes
Ready to plant seedlings in the
given manner
IDEAL CONDITION FOR THE GROWTH
OF CYMBIDIUM
LIGHT INTENSITY
Light Intensity can be control by Shade net (50% to 70%) and
artificial Light using halogens. Maximum day length should be
16 hours.
RELATIVE HUMIDITY
RH should be between 50% to 80% and it can be control by roof
spraying, floor spraying or exhaust fans.
TEMPERATURE
During the hardening stage the temperature should me maintain
at 18°C at night and 20-25°C during the day i.e. 18°C-25°C
After hardening the plant the temperature can be around 14°C to 20°C
in winter period.
SUBSTRATE
Substrate should be light , aerated ,good water holding capacity and high
porosity so there are two kind of media we can use for the growing
cymbidium:
Leaf Mull : this are locally prepared and Low cost media with natural
feeding to the plants generally used by the local people, but it had its
own disadvantages like this substrate are to change every year, it is
not safe from pest and diseases, feeding the plant before root
development and others
Cocopit : This substrate is a bi product of coconut and are used as a
Media globally because this media are safe from pest and diseases and
is also a soilless cultivation. This media can be reused after steralization.
So if we see the cost effectiveness it is cheap. But here one has to maintain
proper fertigation schedule.
PRODUCTION PROCEDURE
We deliver Cymbidium in flasks (tissue
culture flasks) or as plantlets, when their
leaves are 10-15 cm long, sow it in plugs
(plug trays) or accordingly given in the
picture and keep it uniformly. Put a label
of their varieties on it. Do not used any
fertilizers until the roots starts developing.
Maintain the temperature between 18-25°C
and humidity between 60% to 80% .
when plants are large enough (after 6 to 8
Months ), they can be transplanted into
14/15 - cm pots (2-litre volume) and the
nature of media should be little more
Aerated by mixing coco – chip or pine
Barks with the substrate or dry cow dung
as practice locally.
IRRIGATION
Water is one of the most important factors in production. Only
rainwater or reverse osmosis water is suitable. Ultimately, any other
kind of water will always result in cultivation problems. Provide
enough water storage capacity. On hot days an average Cymbidium
crop needs 2-3 litres water per m2 per days for transpiration. If
water being provided by drip irrigation is not maintained at a
minimum temperature of 12°C, various growth problems can
develop. Warmer temperatures result in no problems as long as the
water is kept below 25°C. A counter-flow system or small heated
indoor intermediate tank is required.
MICRO AND MACRO NUTRIENTS
Generally orchids require less fertilizer than most other plants. But
feeding them the right amount of orchid fertilizer at the right time can
lead to more brilliant flowers and stronger growth. In the winter, or when
the plants are not actively growing, don’t fertilize the orchids at all. Thinleaf orchids such as Cymbidium will have leaves with burned tips. To
remedy this situation, flush the pots with plain water to get the fertilizer
out.
Orchids need 16 nutrients—nine macronutrients and seven
micronutrients. Macronutrients are so called because they are needed in
larger quantity. On the other hand, micronutrients, though equally
critical to the health of orchid, are need in very small amount. These
nutrients are:
Macronutrients
Hydrogen (H) – food production
Carbon (C) – food production
Oxygen (O) – food production
Nitrogen (N) – leave and stem growth
Phosphorus (P) – flower production
Potassium (K) – general good health
Calcium (Ca) – cell wall formation
Sulfur (S) – combined with N and P to produce proteins
Magnesium (Mg) –producing food
Micronutrients
Iron (Fe)
Manganese (Mn)
Zinc (Zn)
Copper (Cu)
Boron (B)
Molybdenum
(Mo)
Chlorine (Cl)
FUNGICIDES AND INSECTISIDES (MEDICATION)
Alternative use of systematic and unsystematic fungicites like
Bavistin and Indophill M45 respectively used. In the rainy season or
when the humidity is very high we can use Moximate or
Companion.
We can use O-Mites Or Atom for mites and Insects. Jump can be
also used if trips are visible.
GREEENHOUSE SYSTEM
• Hi-Tech Greenhouses : Made of GI pipes or alluminium fitting under
latest UV sheet with good irrigation system (Drip Irrigation facility).
• Low Cost Greenhouses : Made of bamboo and low cost UV sheet
and water tank for irrigation.
For cultivating cymbidium should have several sections for producing
Cymbidium to accommodate the various flowering periods :
• vegetative phase for young plants
• early-season flowering (until Christmas)
• mid-season flowering (January-Februaray)
• late-season flowering (March – April)
Bed Should be prepare in such a design so that the will be proper
drenching of water ( at least 20% ) and aeration.
Shade net of 30 to 50% is provided to control light intensity
SCHEDULE SHEET FOR CYMBIDIUM CULTIVATION
Age
Environment
Irrigation
Fertigation
3 month to 8 18 degree C to 28 degree C to
month
be maintain the night the
temperature can go down to
14 degree C not below than
that
Whenever the
media is dry(
media wash is
necessary every
month)
NPK (19:19:19)
1.5g/ltr in a week in
summers and need
less fertilizers in
winters and rainy
season.
9 months to
20 months
Same as above but the night
temperature can go down to
8 degree C. Needs more
aeration
Same as above
Media wash is
necessary and is
done monthly.
21 month to
30 month
Same as above
Same as above
31 months
Same as above. Needs a little Same as Above
till flowering cooler climate for flowering
(8 degree C to 15 degree C is
ideal) noght temperature can
go below 6 degree C and
need more areation
Medication
Bavistin 1g/ltr and
Indophill M45 1g/ltr
alternatively sprayed
alternatively
Confidor or Atom is
spread in a fortnight
1ml/ltr.
NPK(19:19:19) 2 g/ltr Whenever is required
in a week and 1.5g/ltr or is visible. Localise
in rainy season and
spary is helpul.
winters.
NPK CaNO3 and KNO3 Same as above
in the ration of 3:1:1
twice in a week in
summers and one in a
week in winters and
rainy season
Same as above
Same as above and
jump can be also used.
Pot size
(inches)
4*3” pot
6*4” pots
8*10”
pots
12*14”
pots
Thank you
Darjeeling Gardens Private Limited
3rd Floor Janpath House
Seth Srilal Market, Sevoke Road
Siliguri- 734001
Mob no. +919733312397, +9133312385