Transcript Meteorology Test

Meteorology Test
Are You Ready?
#1
What are characteristics of cold
and warm air masses?
Maritime(m)- forms over water, wet
Continental (c)- forms over land, dry
Polar (p)- forms over polar regions, cold
Tropical (T)- develops over the tropics,
warm
Cold Air Masses
*Continental Polar- forms over north
canada. Extremely cold winter weather
in US.
*Maritime Polar- forms over North
Pacific Ocean- cool and very wet. Rain
and snow in winter and cool foggy
weather in Summer .
Warm Air Masses
*Maritime Tropical- over warm areas in
the Pacific. Others from over Gulf of
Mexico and Atlantic,. Summer brings
hot, humid weather, hurricanes,
thunderstorms. Winter – mild, often
cloudy
*Continental Tropical – forms over
deserts of N. Mexico and SW. U.S.
Clear, dry hot weather in summer
#2
What are characteristics of
warm and cold fronts?
Cold Front
Cold Front forms
where cold air moves
under warm air,
which is less dense
and pushes warm air
up. Move quickly .
bring thunderstorms,
heavy rain or snow.
Cold weather comes.
Warm Front
A Warm Front Forms
where warm air moves
over cold, denser air. In
a warm front, the warm
air gradually replaces
the cold air. Warm
fronts bring drizlzy rain
and then clear and
warm weather follows.
#3
What are cold air masses at high
latitudes called?
Polar Air Masses
#4
What is the difference between
air masses that form over land?
Water?
• Air masses that form over land are cool
and dry;
• Air masses that form over water are
moist, wet, warm, humid
#5
What type of weather are
high pressure systems
associated with ?
High Pressure – Fair Weather
Low Pressure – Cloudy Weather
#6
What is the name of the
warmest climate zone?
Tropical Zone
#7
What are some
characteristics of a tropical
climate?
Warm Moist Air
High Temperatures
Lots of Rain
#8
What two things are used
to classify different climate
regions?
Temperature and Precipitation
#9
How do ocean currents
affect the climate?
Warm currents cause warmer
temperatures. Cool currents
cause cooler temperatures.
London’s climate is affected by
warm ocean currents that flow
from the south.
#10
How are clouds formed?
When water vapor in the air
condenses around dust
particles.
#11
What type of weather does
cumulonimbus clouds typically
bring?
Thunderstorms
#12
What type of conditions
are necessary for
hurricanes to develop?
Warm moist air; warm moist
ocean water
#13
What major global wind patterns
are found at 0-30 degrees
latitude, and 30-60 degrees
latitude?
• 0-30 degrees- Tropical Easterlies
• 30-60 degrees -Prevailing Westerlies
#14
What is the best indication
of an approaching storm?
Sudden increase in wind
speed
#15
What is the unit of
measurement for relative
humidity?
Percent
#16
What is the difference between a
weather watch and a weather
warning?
Weather watch- conditions are
favorable
Weather warning- immediate
action should be taken
#17
Why are you more successful at
flying a kite later in the
morning rather than early
in the morning at the beach?
Heavy, cool air over the ocean
rushes in to replace the warm
air that rises over the land.
#18
What is the difference in heat
distribution on Earth?
The closer a location is to the
poles the smaller the angle of
the sun’s rays and the less
intense the radiation. The closer
a location to the equator i9t
becomes much hotter.
#19
What are the definitions of
Jet stream , Saffir-Simpson Scale,
Fujita Scale, and Air Mass ?
• Jet Stream- a narrow belt of strong
winds that blow in the upper
troposhpere
• Saffir-Simpson Scale- the scale used
to measure Hurricane intensity
• Fujita Scale- the scale used to
measure tornado intensity
• Air Mass- takes on characteristics of
the region from which it forms
#20
What are the layers
of the Earth’s
atmosphere and
what happens
at each layer?
Troposphere, Stratosphere,
Mesophere, Thermosphere,
Exosphere
#21
What causes differences in air
pressure on Earth?
The unequal heating of the earth
#22
How does thermal energy in the
atmosphere circulate?
Air travels in large circular patterns
called convection cells
#23
What kind of winds blow from
west to east?
Westerlies
#24
How are local winds produced?
Local geographic features, like a
shoreline or mountain produce
temperature differences that
cause local winds.
#25
How are tornadoes and
hurricanes formed?
Tornado - when wind at different
pressures blows in different directions
and at different speeds.
Hurricane- begins as a group of
thunderstorms moving over tropical
ocean waters
#26
What is the weather symbol for
a cold front, warm front,
occluded front
and stationary front?
#27
What instruments are used to
measure temperature,
atmospheric pressure
and wind speed?
Anemometer- measure wind speed
Thermometer measures
temperature
Barometer- atmospheric
pressure
#28
What is the difference between
weather and climate?
Weather is the day to day
changes.
Climate is the average weather
conditions in an area over a long
period of time
#29
What air mass contributes to the
hot and humid weather in Ga?
#29
Maritime Tropical
#30
What type of pressure and
winds does the eye of a
hurricane have?
Low Pressure and Light Winds