Transcript 7th Grade Chapter 3

Weather
Climate
Environment
Resources
Weather and Climate
What’s the
difference?
(Answer on Board...)
Assignment
(10 Points)
Create a ’weather report’
What is the weather going to be like tomorrow and this week?
–Using the information we covered in class explain our current
weather situation.
– Use these terms, that apply, when describing our weather…
• Sun & Location!
• Wind!
–Prevailing Winds…
• Water!
–Ocean Currents
–Large Bodies of Water…
• Weather Fronts!
• Mountains!
–Rain Shadow Effect…
Answer in complete sentences! (ALSO – CORRECT HEADING!)
BRAIN CHECK
•What is weather?
•What is climate?
What cause our weather & climate?
What is it like outside?
Weather
– Short-term changes in the air for a given
place and time…
• Temperature and Precipitation
from hour to hour or day to day…
Climate
– A regions average weather condition of a
long period of time…
• Based on data and experience…
– May? December?
What creates weather and a
place climate?
The factors that shape weather
and climate include the sun,
location on Earth, wind, water,
and mountains… (How?)
Sun and Location
The sun energy heats our
planet. (Solar Energy!)
• Different areas receive more or
less depending on the Earths,
latitude & tilt?
Earths shape also effects
weather and climate.
•Low Latitudes (Equator)
–More sunlight.
•High Latitudes (Poles) –
Less sunlight.
•Tilt!
Wind and Water
How does heat from
the sun move across
the Earth’s surface?
• Air and Water
warmed by the sun
are constantly
moving around the
Earth…
–These carry heat from
place to place!
• As a result, they make
different areas of
Earth warmer and
cooler…
These effect a places
weather and climate!
Global Winds
Wind (air) constantly
blows around our
planet…
–This movement of air blows in
great streams around the planet…
• Prevailing Winds – blow in the
same direction over a large
area…
– Trade Winds, Westerlies, and
Polar Easterlies…
How does wind Begin?
Global Winds
To understand Earth’s wind patterns you must
think about the weight of the air…
• Weight changes with temperature…
–Cold Air – sinks! & Hot Air – rises!
• On a global scale, this rising, sinking,
and flowing air creates Earth’s
prevailing winds.
–Earths rotation causes prevailing winds to
curve east to west…
• These winds can cool and heat a region, as well
as make it drier or wetter…
Ocean Currents
Ocean Currents – large
streams of surface seawater.
• Move heat around Earth…
–Wind HELPS drive these
ocean currents…
• Warm Currents – Raise
Temperature
• Cold Currents – Lower
Temperature
Gulf Stream
–Warms U.S. East Coast!
• North Atlantic Drift
– Bermuda and Great Britain
Large Bodies of Water
Large bodies of water
also affect a regions
climate…
–Oceans, Lakes, and Gulfs…
• Makes temperature in area a
lot milder, as well moisture…
Wind, Water, and Storms
Most major storms occur
when two air masses
collide…
–Front – a place where two air
masses or different
temperatures meet.
–Rain/Thunderstorm
–Snow Storms
–Icy Blizzards
–Monsoons
–Tornados
–Hurricanes
• 155 mph winds and 17 ft. storm surges…
–Typhoons
• Hurricanes in the Pacific Ocean…
Mountains?
Rain Shadow Effect?
Most of the moisture in
the ocean air (front)
falls on the
mountainside facing the
wind. Little moisture
remains to fall on the
other side, creating a
rain shadow.
Assignment
Climate Zone Map
• This is not due
tomorrow!
• Begin working on and
labeling the ‘Climate
Zone’ Map…
• We will continue
talking and working on
‘Climate Zones’
tomorrow!
Brain Check
• Themes, Sun, Water, and Landforms…
• What is weather? (climate?)
• How does the sun & location effect the
Earth’s weather and climate? (latitude?)
• How does wind effect the earths weather and
climate? (prevailing winds?)
• How do ocean currents effect temperatures?
(large bodies of water?)
• What is a front and what can they cause?
• What is the ‘Rain Shadow Effect’?
Weather, Climate, Environment,
and Resources
• Section 1 – Weather and Climate
• Section 2 – World Climates
• Section 3 - Natural Environments
• Section 4 – Natural Resources
World Climate Zones
World Climate Zones
• In January, how will you
dress for the weekend?
(May?)
–In some places you might
get dressed to go play in
the snow…
–Other places you might get
dressed to go swimming…
What the seasons are
where you live depends
on the weather and
climate…
Earth is a collage of climates…
Geographers identify
climates by looking at…
• Temperatures…
• Precipitation…
• Plant Life…
Using these we can divide the
Earth into 5 climate zones…
–Tropical, Temperate, Polar,
Dry, and Highland…
• Based on Latitude and
Elevation!
Tropical Climates
Close to the Equator
(Low Latitudes)
Humid Tropical Climate (HOT/WET)
• Warm with high amounts of
rain year-round (450
inches/yr.).
–Monsoons…
–Tropical Rainforest…
Tropical Savanna Climate (DRY/HOT)
• Warm all year; distinct rainy
and dry season.
–Long hot dry season, followed by
short periods of rain.
• Savannas – Areas of tall grasses
and scattered trees and shrubs.
Dry Climates
• Desert Climate (HOT/DRY)
• Earths HOTTEST Climate 136
Degrees!
– Sunny and dry; less than 10
inches of rain a year…
• Plant life is almost impossible!
• Steppe Climate (HOT/DRY)
• Hot summers and cool winters
with wide temperature ranges
during the day…
– Steppes – semidry grasslands or
prairies…
Temperate Climates
Temperate climates occur in the middle
latitudes…
– These climates have 4 distinct seasons…
• Mediterranean Climate
– Dry, sunny, warm summers; mild, wetter
winters. (Found in coastal areas)
• Humid Subtropical Climate (Hot/Wet)
– Humid with hot summers and mild winters; rain year round; in
path of hurricanes and typhoons.
• Marine West Coast Climate
– Cloudy, mild summers and cool, rainy winters.
• Humid Continental Climate (OUR
AREA)
– FOUR distinct seasons; long winters and
short warm summers; average
precipitation varies. (Mixed Forest)
Polar Climate
• Subarctic Climate
(DRY/COLD)
– Extreme of temperatures; long
winters and short warm summers;
little precipitation. (Evergreen
Forest “Taiga”)
• Tundra Climate (DRY/COLD)
– Cold all year long, cool summer;
little precipitation and low
shrubs.
• Permafrost – Permanently
frozen layers of soil.
• Ice Cap Climate (DRY/COLD)
– Freezing cold; snow and ice; little
precipitation. No vegetation!
Highland and Cave Climate
• Highland Climate (Mountains)
–Wide range of temperatures and
precipitation amount, depends on
elevation and location… (Forest to
Tundra's)
– Varies places in the World…
• Cave Climate
–Temperature inside caves reflect
temperatures from outside.
• Soil and rock surrounding a cave
moderates its temperature.
– Similar to ocean currents…
ACTIVITY
Climate Zone BBALL
Climate Zone Map
TURN IT IN!
(End of Per.)
Turn in your Assignment
Pick a Climate Zone and write something interesting about it!
Humid Tropical Climate
Tropical Savanna Climate
Desert Climate
Subarctic Climate
Tundra Climate
Steppe Climate
Ice Cap Climate
Mediterranean Climate Highland Climate
Humid Subtropical Climate
Marine West Coast Climate
Humid Continental Climate
BOARD!
Name One Climate Zone and a Characteristic…
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PROJECT DIRECTIONS
Students will be reporting ‘LIVE’ from one of the Worlds ‘Climate
Zones’… (NARRATIVE!)
Students will have to form groups of 2…
Once in groups of 2, students will have to pick a ‘Climate
Zone’ to research… (FRI)
Groups will have to research specific facts and details about
their ‘Climate Zone’… (FRI & MON)
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Where is it? & What is it like?
Plants? & Precipitation?
Groups must be ‘VERY’ descriptive… (HOOK!)
– Once groups have found all of their information they will
have to present (1 Minute Reports) their findings to the
class as if they were visiting that ‘Climate Zone’… (TUE)
– Groups will have to dress up (for their appropriate Climate
Zone) when presenting! (TUE)
– Use strong verbs and nouns, modify them by using
adjectives and adverbs! DESCRIBE YOUR CLIMATE ZONE!
Give an example of a
Natural
Environment?
Climate, Environment, and
Resources
*Section 1 – Weather and Climate
*Section 2 – World Climates
*Section 3 - Natural Environments
*Section 4 – Natural Resources
What is an Environment?
Environment
What is an environment?
(LANDSCAPE)
*The land, water, climate, plants,
and animals of an area.
(Surroundings)
* What do you see in your natural
environment?
* What makes it unique?
* How is your environment special?
Limits on Life
The environment
limits life!
* Temperature, rainfall, and
soil conditions limit where
plants and animals can live.
* With different environment
animals and plants must
adapt.
* All plants and animals are
adapted to specific
environments.
* Examples?????
Connection in Nature
The interconnection
between living things and
the environment form
ecosystems.
*Ecosystem – is a group of
plants and animals that
depend on each other for
survival and the environment
in which they live.
*Can be any size…
*Can occur wherever…
*
Air, Earth, Water, or Soil support life.
Changes to Environment
The interconnected parts of an
ecosystems exist in a fragile
balance…
* Small changes to one part can affect the
whole system…
* Lack of Rain!
* Deforestation!
* Desertification!
* Habitat – is a place where a plant or animal
lives.
* Extinct – extreme changes in ecosystem can
cause species to die out…
Assignment – THINK/CREATE?
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Directions
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1. Pick an animal… •
2. Research…
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What is it…
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Where can it be
•
found…
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Habitat…
•
Climate Zone… •
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Answer these
•
questions on a blanks
•
piece of paper.
3. Draw/Illustrate •
the animals
ecosystem…
4. COLOR PLEASE!
5. Questions?
Glaucus Atlanticus
Mantis Shrimp
Saiga Antelope
Bush Viper
Blue Parrotfish
Shoebill
Okapi
Narwhal
Angora Rabbit
Proboscis
Umbonia Spinosa
Lowland Streaked
Tenrec
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Giant Coconut Crab
Glass Frog
Blobfish
Camel Spider
Pink Fairy Armadillo
Maned Wolf
Irrawaddy Dolphin
Dugong
Yeti Crab
Superb Bird of Paradise
Japanese Spider Crab
Panda Ant
First Come – First Served
SS.7.3.8 2007Physical Systems: Describe ecosystems.
• Weather/Climate?
• Climate Zones?
• Ecosystem?
• Habitat?
• Extinct?
• Changes to our environments?
•Good or Bad…
•Can we stop it?
Climate, Environment, and
Resources
*Section 1 – Weather and Climate
*Section 2 – World Climates
*Section 3 - Natural Environments
*Section 4 – Natural Resources
Earth’s Valuable Resources
Natural
Resources
What are
some of
Earth’s
valuable
resources?
•Renewable
•Nonrenewable
Using Natural Resources
Natural Resource – are any
materials in nature that people
use and value...
*Air, water, soil, forest, oil,
and other minerals.
*Natural resources are a raw
material used for our everyday
products…
Types of Natural Resources
Renewable Resources – are
resources Earth replaces
naturally…
• Water, Soil, Trees,
Plants, and Animals…
Nonrenewable Resources –
are resources that cannot be
replaced…
• Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas…
–Once used, it’s GONE!
Renewable Energy Resources
Renewable energy
will never run out!
*Hydroelectric
Power – the
production of electricity from
water power!
* Dams…
*Wind Power – the production of
electricity from wind!
* Wind Mills…
*Solar Power – the production of
electricity from the sun!
* Solar panels…
*Nuclear Energy
*Geothermal Energy
Mineral Resources
Nonrenewable
Resource
* Metals (Steel and Iron)
* Rocks (Granite)
* Salt
* Gemstones (Diamonds)
Nonrenewable Energy Resources
Fossil Fuels –
nonrenewable resources
that formed from the
remains of ancient plants
and animals…
• Coal, Petroleum, and
Natural Gas…
Activity – Get a Cookie.
LISTEN!
– Step 1, Everyone will need a
–
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–
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cookie…
Step 2, Everyone needs a
toothpick…
Step 3, Try to remove the
Chocolate Chips…
Step 4, What happened…
Step 5, results???
Environment – Resources.
WORTH IT?
(REFLECTION…)
SS.7.3.9 2007 Physical Systems: Compare and contrast the distribution of natural resources.
Resources and Wealth
Natural Resources
affect every countries
economic status!
• Resource = Wealth
–Oil…
–Lumber…
–Wind…
–Diamonds…
–Nuclear Energy…
–Food/Plants…
–Water…
Negatives/Benefits of
Natural Resources?
Climate – Environment
Basketball
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Be prepared to play Jeopardy Wednesday…
Take Notes!
Begin to study for you Test!
Collect/Study Homework!
Good Luck!
Test Friday! (35 Points)
Chapter 3 Test
Friday
• 15 Multiple Choice – 1 Point Each!
• 10 Matching – 1 Point Each!
• 5 Essays (Choose 2) – 5 Points Each!
– (Describe, Justify, Why, Explain, and Elaborate!)
35 Points Total
Once finished, read Chapter 4 Section 1…
Complete the assessment 1 – 4…
or Complete the Chapter 4 Crossword Puzzle
Chapter 3 Test
Today
• 15 Multiple Choice – 1 Point Each!
• 10 Matching – 1 Point Each!
• 5 Essays (Choose 2) – 5 Points Each!
– (Describe, Justify, Why, Explain, and Elaborate!)
35 Points Total
• Weather/Climate?
• Climate Zones?
• Ecosystem?
• Habitat?
• Extinct?
• Natural Resources?
•Nonrenewable?
•Renewable?
Answer the following question…
(10 Minutes)
What do you think would happen
if the Worlds average
temperature was raised by 6 or
more degrees?