Transcript File

Driver’s Ed
Section 5
Day 2
Other Driver Responsibilities
and Vehicle Considerations
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Students will understand visibility limitations in
bad weather
Students will understand unusually strong wind
conditions
Students will understand low water crossings
Students will understand different types of
floods
Students will understand driving in extreme hot
and cold temperatures
Students will understand safety restraints for
adults
Students will understand types of belt-locking
systems
Students will understand roadway technology
Students will understand vehicle technology
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Write a half a page red to red.
*Explain the three types of road rage
and give an example for each type.
In an instant, the following can occur:
 Smoke is evident ahead. Suddenly smoke
and ashes from a large brush fire cover the
road.
 It is sprinkling. A few moments later, rain
is falling in a solid sheet.
 Snow is falling lightly. Two miles down the
road, it becomes a whiteout.
DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE
Driving in Bad Weather
Reduce speed
Make sure your headlights are on low beam (aimed
at the road surface) to reduce the amount of
light/glare reflected back at you
Turn on your windshield wipers
If necessary, turn on the defroster or air
conditioner
Reduce speed, but NEVER stop in a
travel lane
 Turn on emergency flashers
 Look for an exit from the highway
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If impossible to leave highway:
 stop beyond end of guard rail
 back up to outboard of the guard rail
 turn off all lights (WHY??)
 wait for the bad weather to pass
Visibility Limitations in Bad Weather
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If your stopping distance is longer than
your sight distance, you have created a
high risk situation – slow down
Visibility
Range
Braking distances at 20 mph with conventional tires on different pavement conditions
Ice - 150 feet
Packed Snow - 60 feet
Wet - 25 feet
Dry - 20 feet
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Strong winds create
a problem called
buffeting.
Buffeting: To strike
against forcefully
This condition can
occur on bridges
and when being
passed by large
trucks.
These wind gusts
and blasts can
cause total loss of
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Reduce speed.
Grip the steering wheel firmly to maintain
vehicle control.
Leave extra space between your vehicle
and other vehicles.
Be prepared to counter steer.
Stay off brake
Nearly 50% of flash flood
fatalities are vehicle related
Search for flood prone
areas:
- highway dips
- bridges
- low areas
Most vehicles will float
Very little water on the
road surface can cause loss
of control
 Driving too fast through water will cause
the vehicle to hydroplane and lose
contact with the road surface.
5 Types
of Floods
Coastal
Flood
Ice
Jam
Urban
Flood
Flash
Flood
River
Flood
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Occur seasonally when heavy rains fill rivers
or
Heavy rains from hurricanes or tropical
systems
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Winds generated from
tropical storms and
hurricanes can drive
ocean water inland.
Earthquakes can also
produce waves called
tsunamis, sometimes
referred to as tidal
waves.
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As land is converted from fields or woodlands
to roads and parking lots, it loses its ability to
absorb rainfall.
Streets can become swift moving rivers.
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An arroyo is a water-carved gully or normally
dry creek bed.
Arroyos can fill with fast-moving water very
quickly.
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Floating ice can accumulate at a natural or
manmade obstruction and stop the flow of water.
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Vehicles are designed to operate in a wide range of
temperatures, from very hot to extremely cold. However,
these extreme conditions can cause stress to any vehicle part
that is temperature sensitive.
Cold Weather Precautions
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Tires should be balanced, aligned,
the proper type, and have adequate tread
- The legal minimum, 2/32 of an inch tread depth,
is inadequate on wet surfaces
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Check tire inflation
- Check cold tire pressure regularly
(noted inside driver’s door or in manual)
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Check radiator coolant, hoses, and connections
Cold Weather Checks
 Check heater, defroster
and air conditioner system
 Winterized windshield wiper fluid
 Check drive belts for tension and wear
 Keep lights and glass areas clear and clean
 Check windshield wiper blades
Hot Weather Checks
Tire inflation needs special attention
Under inflated tires are subject to
heat and pressure buildup,
especially when driving for
extended distances at higher
speeds.
The air conditioner, radiator coolant hoses, connections, and drive
belts need special attention.
due to the extra load placed on these cooling
systems.
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Refers to safety belts, child
restraints, and
driver/passenger side air
bags.
Video
Seat Belts
Your number one defense to prevent severe injuries is to wear
your safety belt.
Seat Belts
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Keeping the seat back in an
upright position avoids the
submarine effect of the
lower body in a frontal
crash
Minimize movement of the
upper and lower body in a
crash
Dramatically reduce the
severity of injuries
Seatbelt Video
Sudden Car Movement
Normal Conditions
Seat
Belt
Emergency Conditions
Seat
Belt
Bar
Bar
Pendulum
Ratchet
Mechanism
Pendulum
Ratchet
Mechanism
Proper adjustment
minimizes whiplash.
Adjust to a position above
the ear level to avoid
serious injury
Improper adjustment may
result in severe neck injury.
 No passenger under 12 years of
age should sit in the front seat
 Protect driver or passengers from
sustaining severe head and chest
injuries
The air bag inflates in the
blink of an eye, at speeds
as high as 200 miles per
hour.
10 inches
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Raise seat or adjust steering wheel to
direct air bag toward chest and not at the
facial area
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Adjust seat for a minimum 10-inch
clearance between chest and steering
wheel
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Hand position should be at 8 and 4
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Avoid 10 and 2 hand position to prevent
blow hole burns to hands and arms
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Located in the upper door frame,
side of the seat, or door panel
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Protect head from hitting the
window
Side air bag deploys in crash test.
Red area shows where the dummy’s
head impacted the airbag.
Side Airbag Video
Belt and Seat Restraint Use
 Safest if seated in back center seat
 Infant seats/rear facing/birth to 20 lbs.
 Use child seats up to 40 lbs.
 Use booster seats up to 60 lbs.
Forward Facing
Child Restraints
Infant Car Bed
Booster Seats
Rear Facing
Infant Seat
T – 8.24
Occupant Protection Highway Design Features Include
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Wide clear shoulders and wide lanes
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Rumble strips installed at the road edge
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Redesign of median barriers
Roadway Technology
Occupant Protection Highway
Design Features Include
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Breakaway sign support posts
 New design guard rails with ends angled
away from roadway and buried
 Vinyl Crash drums filled
with liquid or sand
Roadway Technology
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Variable message signs alert drivers to weather
conditions, construction, and traffic problems
New vehicle technology aids the driver in maintaining
balance control when performing avoidance
maneuvers
and increased protection should a crash occur.
Enhanced control is provided through technologies
such
as the following:
 Anti-Lock Brakes
 Crumple Zones
 Traction Control Devices
 Electronic Stability Program (ESP)
 Suspension Control Devices
 Door Latches
 Tempered Glass
DON’T WRITE THIS SLIDE
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Designed to allow steering and
simultaneous braking without losing
vehicle balance.
Shorten stopping distances by not allowing
the tire to lock up
ABS VIDEO
Do..
Add to your following
distance in
bad weather
Practice use of ABS
Keep your foot firmly on
the brake
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 Drive More Aggressively
 Pump the Brakes
Steer Too Much
 Be Alarmed by ABS Noise or
Vibration
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Basically the
reverse of antilock brakes.
Designed to
activate brake
sensors, which do
not allow the
wheels to spin.
The device allows
acceleration input
without loss of
vehicle balance.
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Areas of a vehicle that are designed to
deform and crumple in a collision.
This absorbs some of the energy of
the impact, preventing it from being
transmitted to the occupants.
Crumple Zone Video
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The first is the vehicle collision, and the
second is the collision of occupants and
unsecured items inside the vehicle.
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It is this second collision that often causes
injury and death.
Drive off road rather than skid off the road
Hit something soft rather than something hard
Hit something going your way rather than something stationary
Hit stationary objects with a glancing blow
Hit a stationary object rather than an approaching object
Steer to avoid oncoming traffic and head on collision
 Read
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Answer questions #1-3
 Read
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page 274
pg. 276-278:
On pg. 278 answer questions #1-3