Transcript Dia 1
Hurricanes and Tornado’s How does a hurricane arise? Hurricanes always arise on the sea The temperature of the sea must be over 27° 0° - 30° North latitude, 0° - 30° south latitude How does a hurricane arise? It start with a cumulonimbus cloud → Low pressure area → warm air with a lot of water (humid air) → warm air want to rise How does a hurricane arise? Because of the presence of a large area of warm ocean water, the cycle will accelerate and a hurricane arise. How does a hurricane arise? Side winds / lateral winds can make the cumulonimbus cloud rotate When do we speak of a hurricane? Wind speed is shown on the Beaufort scale We speak of a gale at 7 Beaufort 12 Beaufort is a hurricane 12 Beaufort is a wind speed of more than 117 km/ hour Saffir-Simpson Scale Determines the intensity of the hurricane The eye of the hurricane There is no wind in the eye of the hurricane, 30 – 40 km Around the eye →100 – 150 km/hour The diameter of a hurricane is more than 200km Wind speed can be more than 250 km/hour Hurricane – Typhoon – Cyclone Hurricane → Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Typhoon → Pacific Ocean, China, Japan and the Philippines Cyclone →Pacific Ocean and Australia → season: August – September → 45 hurricanes worldwide in one year Hurricane – Typhoon – Cyclone Names of Hurricanes Before the 19th century hurricanes got the name of a saint, like the days. In the end of the19th century the first female name was given to a hurricane 1953, every hurricane gets a female name 1978 first male name to a hurricane 6 lists of names, in the beginning of the year A Storm with a deep impact gets removed from the list Hurricanes Hurricane Camille (1969) → category 3 → 256 deaths → $1.421 billion in damage Hurricane Mitch (1998) → category 5 → 9,000 deaths + 9,000 missing → $40 million damage in Florida Hurricane Katrina 2005 → category 5 1863 deaths → $81 billion damage Louisiana, New Orleans Hurricane Wilma 2005 → category 5 62 deaths → $29.1 billion damage Mexico, Cuba and Florida Hurricane Ike 2008 → category 4 195 deaths → $29.6 billion damage Haiti, Louisiana coastline al the way to Texas and the Mississippi coastline al the way to Florida Panhandle How does a tornado arise? Warm air wants to rise and cold air want to come down When warm air and cold air touch, a tornado can arise We can see the tornado, when the vortex hit the ground 100 – 2000 m wide Fujita scale The intensity can not be predicted, but only afterwards determined Sea Land City A tornado can arise without a storm Example, by the difference in hills or tunnel effect Where warm air collides with cold air Tornado alley There are more than 1000 tornado’s each year Especially in the USA Cold air of the Rocky Mountains collides with warm air of the Caribbean Midwest (Oklahoma, Colorado, Kansas) Record → 148 tornado’s in one day Season → spring (April – May) and November Tornado alley Where most of the USA’s tornadoes arise Tornado! Rope Tornado Wedge Tornado Can be 1.5 to 4.0km wide Waterspout Dust Devil