Transcript HurricanePPTx - Cohasset Public Schools

Hurricane!
FB 1: Quick Sketch
Remember the Water Cycle?
 Water cycles continuously
between the Earth’s
surface and the
atmosphere.
 Water evaporates from
the land, lakes, and
oceans adding moisture
to the atmosphere.
 The water vapor forms
clouds that rise to higher
and higher altitudes.
 Eventually rain or snow
falls from clouds
returning the water to the
Earth’s surface.
 The cycle repeats itself
endlessly.
How does a thunderstorm form?
What’s In A Name?
• https://video.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?fr=yhsmozilla-002&hsimp=yhs002&hspart=mozilla&p=hurricane+name+video201
6#id=5&vid=5bc93ff53f97f9e51981e0915162fee1&
action=click
FB 2: What’s In A Name?
Around the World
• Violent storms that
form in the Atlantic
Ocean or Eastern
Pacific Ocean are
called hurricanes.
• In the South
Pacific and Indian
Ocean, these
storms are called
• When violent storms
form in the North
Pacific, they are called
typhoons.
• Typhoon: a tropical
cyclone or hurricane of
the western Pacific area
and the China seas.
Add to FB: Vocabulary
cyclones.
FB 3: Around the World
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale
FB 4:
Hurricane
Scale
- Storms
Formation of a Hurricane
FB 5: Formation
FB 7: Vocabulary
2. EYE
3.
EYEWALL
1. SPIRAL
RAIN
BANDS
 The highest winds are found in the eyewall of a hurricane.
 Damaging winds and heavy rain can also occur in the rainbands of a hurricane.
 Air in a rotating hurricane is drawn into the center of the storm, called the eye.
 When the air reaches the eye, it rises up through the eyewall and spreads out on top
of the hurricane forming dense cirrus clouds.
What does a hurricane need to form?
1. A seed…
A preexisting storm needs to move over the ocean.
2. Fertile soil to plant the seed…
Very warm ocean water of at least 80°F (26.5°C)
3. Light winds so the plant doesn’t fall over.
Light winds high up so that
the thunderstorms aren’t
blown over.
FB 5: Formation
N. Hemisphere
S. Hemisphere
FB 5: Formation
In the northern Hemisphere they
rotate COUNTER-CLOCKWISE
Formation, continued
• Winds circulate around the
center (like water going down
a drain)
• Cold, unstable air and warm,
humid air begin to circulate
growing the storm’s size and
intensity.
• When winds reach 39 mph =
named tropical storm
• At 74 mph = hurricane
• Winds and low air pressure
cause huge mound of ocean
water to pile up near the eye =
storm surge (FB 7: vocab)
Hurricane Damage (add to back) Storm Surge
Hurricane Damage, con’d
Wind/Flooding
High winds and flooding are two of the most common causes of damage during a hurricane.
Hurricane Damage
 Tornadoes can also cause damage in
hurricanes because they can be
embedded within rainbands.
 Tornadoes are called water spouts when
they occur over water.
Hurricane Damage
 The most extreme forms of
damage from a hurricane are
along coastlines.
 Here, only a single home remains
standing along the Texas coastline
after Hurricane Ike hit in 2008.
 Hurricane damage along a
coastline is the most severe
because of high winds, pounding
rain, and the storm surge.
Hurricane Tracking
How strong will they get?
Where will they go?
How is a hurricane tracked?
National Hurricane Center
1) Weather satellites collect photos and other
data each day during hurricane season.
2) Images from several different types of
satellites are studied to estimate the
position, direction, and intensity of a
storm.
3) Then, hurricane tracking aircraft fly into the
storm to confirm wind speed and direction,
rainfall, and internal pressure of the
hurricane eye.
HURRICANE DATA
1. Boats and Buoys: Floating observations
2. Hurricane Hunters: Manned aircraft that fly
into the storm center and drop probes called
DROPSONDES.
3. Radar: Identifies where rainfall is heaviest
4. Satellites: Can spot storms well out to sea.
5. Drones: Recent development. Collects data
without risking people.
(1) Weather satellites are the first line of defense.
 A GOES satellite is launched from
Vandenburg, CA.
 GOES = Geostationary Operational
Environmental Satellite.
(2) Scientist read weather maps to detect storms.
Katrina, 2005
Hurricane Isabel, 2010
(3) Hurricane tracking airplanes fly into the storms.
Hurricane tracking airplanes will fly into the hearts of hurricanes to measure the wind
speed, rainfall, and atmospheric pressure. The information is sent by radio to the
National Hurricane Center in Miami, FL so that scientists can predict where the
hurricane will go.
Inside the Eye of a Hurricane
Hurricane Tracks
Before and after photographs
for the damage along the New
Jersey coastline during
Hurricane Sandy in 2012.
- Storms
Let’s Review: Hurricane Formation
Begins as a low-pressure area over warm water,
or a tropical disturbance.
Warm, humid air rises and begins to spiral.
As air rises, more warm, moist air is drawn into the system
and the hurricane gains energy.
As winds spiral inward, bands of high winds
and heavy rains form.
Hurricane Matthew
FB 6: Hurricane Matthew
Hurricane Matthew